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Grishchuk has shown that the stochastic background of gravitational waves produced by an inflationary phase in the early Universe has an unusual property: it is not a stationary Gaussian random process. Due to squeezing, the phases of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-25 Bruce Allen , Eanna Flanagan , Maria Alessandra Papa

Slow first-order phase transitions generate large inhomogeneities that can lead to the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs). We show that the gravitational wave (GW) spectrum then consists of a primary component sourced by bubble…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-01 Marek Lewicki , Piotr Toczek , Ville Vaskonen

We discuss a new source of gravitational waves (GWs) from first-order phase transitions. The collisions of bubbles of the new phase can efficiently produce particles that couple to the background field undergoing the transition, thereby…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-14 Keisuke Inomata , Marc Kamionkowski , Kentaro Kasai , Bibhushan Shakya

As long-lived quasi-solitons from the fragmentation of a scalar condensate, oscillons may dominate the preheating era after inflation. During this period, stochastic gravitational waves can also be generated. We quantify the gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-09 Xiao-Xiao Kou , James B. Mertens , Chi Tian , Shuang-Yong Zhou

Inflation with Weyl scaling symmetry provides a viable scenario that can generate both the nearly scaling invariant primordial density fluctuation and a dark matter candidate. Here we point out that, in additional to the primordial…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-11 Wei-Yu Hu , Qing-Yang Wang , Yan-Qing Ma , Yong Tang

One of the key predictions of the standard inflationary paradigm is the quantum mechanical generation of the transverse and traceless tensor fluctuations due to the rapid accelerated expansion of space, which later constitute a stochastic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-23 Athul K. Soman , Swagat S. Mishra , Mohammed Shafi , Soumen Basak

High-frequency primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) with wave numbers larger than the Hubble parameter at the end of inflation are originated from the ultraviolet (UV) modes, which are never stretched out of the horizon. Such a UV tail of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-09 Shi Pi , Misao Sasaki , Ao Wang , Jianing Wang

We give the initial spectrum of quantized gravitational waves in the context of the one-bubble open inflationary universe scenario. In determining the quantum state after the bubble nucleation we adopt the prescription to require the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-09 Takahiro Tanaka , Misao Sasaki

We investigate the impact of statistical inhomogeneity and anisotropy in primordial scalar perturbations on the scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGW). Assuming inflationary quantum fluctuations originate from a coherent state, the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-08 Dipayan Mukherjee , H. V. Ragavendra , Shiv K. Sethi

In this article, we investigate various physical implications of quantum circuit complexity using squeezed state formalism of Primordial Gravitational Waves (PGW). Recently quantum information theoretic concepts, such as entanglement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-07 Kiran Adhikari , Sayantan Choudhury , Hardey N. Pandya , Rohan Srivastava

The detection of primordial gravitational waves would offer a direct evidence of inflation and valuable insights into the dynamics of the early universe. During post-inflation reheating period, when the inflaton coherently oscillates at the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-06 Diganta Das , Mihika Sanghi , Sourav

It is currently believed that the Standard Model is an effective low energy theory which in principle may contain higher dimensional non-renormalizable operators. These operators may modify the standard model Higgs potential in many ways,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-01 Eric Greenwood , Pascal M. Vaudrevange

Recent pulsar timing array collaborations have reported evidence of the stochastic gravitational wave background. The gravitational waves induced by primordial curvature perturbations, referred to as scalar-induced gravitational waves…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-18 Qing-Hua Zhu

Quantum mechanics is the fundamental framework of nature, and gravitational waves from binary black holes during the inspiral phase should likewise be analyzed quantum mechanically. It is commonly assumed that their classical description…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-17 Sugumi Kanno , Jiro Soda , Akira Taniguchi

The gravitational wave (GW) spectrum from the first-order phase transition can be characterized by a few phenomenological parameters but with high degeneracies in model/data distinguishments. In this paper, we look into the high-frequency…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-28 Jun-Chen Wang , Shao-Jiang Wang , Zi-Yan Yuwen

We show that a scalar excited state with large occupation numbers during inflation leads to an enhancement of tensor modes and a characteristic pattern of order-one oscillations in the associated stochastic gravitational wave background…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-07 Jacopo Fumagalli , Gonzalo A. Palma , Sébastien Renaux-Petel , Spyros Sypsas , Lukas T. Witkowski , Cristobal Zenteno

The reheating of the universe after hybrid inflation proceeds through the nucleation and subsequent collision of large concentrations of energy density in the form of bubble-like structures moving at relativistic speeds. This generates a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-01-29 Juan Garcia-Bellido , Daniel G. Figueroa

Phase transitions during inflation can generate a stochastic gravitational-wave background that probes primordial physics. We study the detectability and parameter reconstruction of such a signal with a space-based gravitational-wave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-24 Qingyuan Liang , Chen Yang , Haipeng An , Huai-Ke Guo

Several mechanisms exist for generating a stochastic background of gravitational waves in the period following inflation. These mechanisms are generally classical in nature, with the gravitational waves being produced from inhomogeneities…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Larry R. Price , Xavier Siemens

We show how to determine the typical phase space volume $\Gamma$ for primordial gravitational waves produced during an inflationary stage, which is invariant under squeezing. An expression for $\Gamma$ is found in the long wavelength…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Julien Lesgourgues , David Polarski , Alexei A. Starobinsky
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