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We use a spectral theory perspective to reconsider properties of the Riemann zeta function. In particular, new integral representations are derived and used to present its value at odd positive integers.

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-04 Mark S. Ashbaugh , Fritz Gesztesy , Lotfi Hermi , Klaus Kirsten , Lance Littlejohn , Hagop Tossounian

We study lower bounds for the Riemann zeta function $\zeta(s)$ along vertical arithmetic progressions in the right-half of the critical strip. We show that the lower bounds obtained in the discrete case coincide, up to the constants in the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Paolo Minelli , Athanasios Sourmelidis

We define string geometry: spaces of superstrings including the interactions, their topologies, charts, and metrics. Trajectories in asymptotic processes on a space of strings reproduce the right moduli space of the super Riemann surfaces…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-03 Matsuo Sato

We propose and investigate a strategy toward a proof of the Riemann Hypothesis based on a spectral realization of its non-trivial zeros. Our approach constructs self-adjoint operators obtained as rank-one perturbations of the spectral…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-01 Alain Connes , Caterina Consani , Henri Moscovici

Let $a\in (0,1)$ and let $F_s(a)$ be the periodized zeta function that is defined as $F_s(a) = \sum n^{-s} \exp (2\pi i na)$ for $\Re s >1$, and extended to the complex plane via analytic continuation. Let $s_n = \sigma_n + it_n, \, t_n >0…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2016-03-14 Artur Sowa

Let $N(\sigma,T)$ denote the number of nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function with real part greater than $\sigma$ and imaginary part between $0$ and $T$. We provide explicit upper bounds for $N(\sigma,T)$ commonly referred to as a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-01 Habiba Kadiri , Allysa Lumley , Nathan Ng

The Riemann Hypothesis is reformulated as statements about eigenvalues of some matrices entries of which are defined via Taylor coefficient of the zeta function. These eigenvalues demonstrate interesting visual patterns allowing one to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-09-29 Yuri Matiyasevich

Beginning from the formal resolution of Riemann Zeta function, by using the formula of inner product between two infinite-dimensional vectors in the complex space, the author proved the world's baffling problem -- Riemann hypothesis raised…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kaida Shi

This paper continues a series of investigations on converging representations for the Riemann Zeta function. We generalize some identities which involve Riemann's zeta function, and moreover we give new series and integrals for the zeta…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-02-01 Alois Pichler

For the Riemann zeta-function, we introduce a function such that it is a characteristic function of an infinitely divisible distribution on the real line if and only if the Riemann Hypothesis is true.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-16 Takashi Nakamura , Masatoshi Suzuki

Assuming the Riemann hypothesis, we obtain asymptotic formulas for $\sum_{0<\gamma<T}\zeta(\rho+\delta)\zeta(1-\rho+\overline{\delta})$ in the region $-\frac{a}{\log T} \leq \Re \delta \leq \frac{1}{2}+\frac{a}{\log T}$, $|\Im \delta|\ll…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Ramūnas Garunkštis , Julija Paliulionytė

Assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we provide explicit upper bounds for moduli of $S(t)$, $S_1(t)$, and $\zeta\left(1/2+\mathrm{i}t\right)$ while comparing them with recently proven unconditional ones. As a corollary we obtain a conditional…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-14 Aleksander Simonič

We define a sequence of real functions which coincide with Li's coefficients at one and which allow us to extend Li's criterion for the Riemann Hypothesis to yield a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of zero-free strips…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Pedro Freitas

We review generalized zeta functions built over the Riemann zeros (in short: "superzeta" functions). They are symmetric functions of the zeros that display a wealth of explicit properties, fully matching the much more elementary Hurwitz…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-23 André Voros

This paper, commissioned as a survey of the Riemann Hypothesis, provides a comprehensive overview of 165 years of mathematical approaches to this fundamental problem, while introducing a new perspective that emerged during its preparation.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Alain Connes

Riemann conjectured that all the zeros of the Riemann $\Xi$-function are real, which is now known as the Riemann Hypothesis (RH). In this article we introduce the study of the zeros of the truncated sums $\Xi_N(z)$ in Riemann's uniformly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-10-29 J. Haglund

We intimate deeper connections between the Riemann zeta and gamma functions than often reported and further derive a new formula for expressing the value of $\zeta(2n+1)$ in terms of zeta at other fractional points. This paper also…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2014-11-13 Michael A. Idowu

An optical equation for null strings is derived. The equation is similar to Sachs' optical equations for null geodesic congruences. The string optical equation is given in terms of a single complex scalar function $Z$, which is a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-16 Dmitri Fursaev

On the assumption of the Riemann hypothesis and a spacing hypothesis for the nontrivial zeros $\frac12+i\gamma$ of the Riemann zeta function, we show that the sequence \[ \Gamma_{[a, b]} =\Bigg\{ \gamma : \gamma>0 \quad \mbox{and} \quad…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-29 Fatma Çiçek , Steven M. Gonek

An asymptotic formula is presented for the number of planar lattice convex polygonal lines joining the origin to a distant point of the diagonal. The formula involves the non-trivial zeros of the zeta function and leads to a necessary and…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-13 Julien Bureaux , Nathanaël Enriquez