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In process mining, alignments quantify the degree of deviation between an observed event trace and a business process model and constitute the most important conformance checking technique. We study the algorithmic complexity of computing…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Christopher T. Schwanen , Wied Pakusa , Wil M. P. van der Aalst

A long-standing open question in Integer Programming is whether integer programs with constraint matrices with bounded subdeterminants are efficiently solvable. An important special case thereof are congruency-constrained integer programs…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-26 Martin Nägele , Richard Santiago , Rico Zenklusen

The low-rank matrix completion problem asks whether a given real matrix with missing values can be completed so that the resulting matrix has low rank or is close to a low-rank matrix. The completed matrix is often required to satisfy…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Dror Chawin , Ishay Haviv

In this paper we investigate formal verification problems for Neural Network computations. Various reachability problems will be in the focus, such as: Given symbolic specifications of allowed inputs and outputs in form of Linear…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Adrian Wurm

We investigate the dimension-parametric complexity of the reachability problem in vector addition systems with states (VASS) and its extension with pushdown stack (pushdown VASS). Up to now, the problem is known to be $\mathcal{F}_k$-hard…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Wojciech Czerwiński , Ismaël Jecker , Sławomir Lasota , Jérôme Leroux , Łukasz Orlikowski

Vectors addition systems with states (VASS), or equivalently Petri nets, are arguably one of the most studied formalisms for the modeling and analysis of concurrent systems. A central decision problem for VASS is reachability: whether there…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Clotilde Bizière , Thibault Hilaire , Jérôme Leroux , Grégoire Sutre

We analyze the computational complexity of several new variants of edge-matching puzzles. First we analyze inequality (instead of equality) constraints between adjacent tiles, proving the problem NP-complete for strict inequalities but…

One of the most fundamental problems in computer science is the reachability problem: Given a directed graph and two vertices s and t, can s reach t via a path? We revisit existing techniques and combine them with new approaches to support…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Kathrin Hanauer , Christian Schulz , Jonathan Trummer

In this paper we study the fine-grained complexity of finding exact and approximate solutions to problems in P. Our main contribution is showing reductions from exact to approximate solution for a host of such problems. As one (notable)…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Lijie Chen , Shafi Goldwasser , Kaifeng Lyu , Guy N. Rothblum , Aviad Rubinstein

Reachability of vector addition systems with states (VASS) is Ackermann complete~\cite{leroux2021reachability,czerwinski2021reachability}. For $d$-dimensional VASS reachability it is known that the problem is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yuxi Fu , Yangluo Zheng , Qizhe Yang

Many natural optimization problems derived from $\sf NP$ admit bilevel and multilevel extensions in which decisions are made sequentially by multiple players with conflicting objectives, as in interdiction, adversarial selection, and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Christoph Grüne , Berit Johannes , James B. Orlin , Lasse Wulf

We study the perfect matching reconfiguration problem: Given two perfect matchings of a graph, is there a sequence of flip operations that transforms one into the other? Here, a flip operation exchanges the edges in an alternating cycle of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Marthe Bonamy , Nicolas Bousquet , Marc Heinrich , Takehiro Ito , Yusuke Kobayashi , Arnaud Mary , Moritz Mühlenthaler , Kunihiro Wasa

We show that two important problems that have applications in computational biology are ASP-complete, which implies that, given a solution to a problem, it is NP-complete to decide if another solution exists. We show first that a variation…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-03-17 Maria Luisa Bonet , Simone Linz , Katherine St. John

Branching VASS (BVASS) generalise vector addition systems with states by allowing for special branching transitions that can non-deterministically distribute a counter value between two control states. A run of a BVASS consequently becomes…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Stefan Göller , Christoph Haase , Ranko Lazić , Patrick Totzke

By adapting the iterative yardstick construction of Stockmeyer, we show that the reachability problem for vector addition systems with a stack does not have elementary complexity. As a corollary, the same lower bound holds for the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-10-08 Ranko Lazic

Motivated by the inapproximability of reconfiguration problems, we present a new PCP-type characterization of PSPACE, which we call a probabilistically checkable reconfiguration proof (PCRP): Any PSPACE computation can be encoded into an…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Shuichi Hirahara , Naoto Ohsaka

We prove the #P-hardness of the counting problems associated with various satisfiability, graph and combinatorial problems, when restricted to planar instances. These problems include \begin{romannum} \item[{}] {\sc 3Sat, 1-3Sat, 1-Ex3Sat,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Harry B. Hunt , Madhav V. Marathe , Venkatesh Radhakrishnan , Richard E. Stearns

We provide an Ackermannian complexity lower bound for the reachability problem for checking programs, a model equivalent to Petri nets. Moreover in fixed dimension $2d+4$, we show that the problem is $\mathbb{F}_d$-hard. As a direct…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Jérôme Leroux

We continue and extend previous work on the parameterized complexity analysis of the NP-hard Stable Roommates with Ties and Incomplete Lists problem, thereby strengthening earlier results both on the side of parameterized hardness as well…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Robert Bredereck , Klaus Heeger , Dušan Knop , Rolf Niedermeier

Let $\mathbb{F}$ be a field, and $n \geq r>0$ be integers, with $r$ even. Denote by $\mathrm{A}_n(\mathbb{F})$ the space of all $n$-by-$n$ alternating matrices with entries in $\mathbb{F}$. We consider the problem of determining the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-07-21 Clément de Seguins Pazzis