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Group equivariant convolutional neural networks (G-CNNs) are generalizations of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) which excel in a wide range of technical applications by explicitly encoding symmetries, such as rotations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Hannah Lawrence , Kristian Georgiev , Andrew Dienes , Bobak T. Kiani

Learning to reason about relations and dynamics over multiple interacting objects is a challenging topic in machine learning. The challenges mainly stem from that the interacting systems are exponentially-compositional, symmetrical, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Wenbing Huang , Jiaqi Han , Yu Rong , Tingyang Xu , Fuchun Sun , Junzhou Huang

Hypergraph, an expressive structure with flexibility to model the higher-order correlations among entities, has recently attracted increasing attention from various research domains. Despite the success of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Jing Huang , Jie Yang

Permutation equivariant neural networks are typically used to learn from data that lives on a graph. However, for any graph $G$ that has $n$ vertices, using the symmetric group $S_n$ as its group of symmetries does not take into account the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Edward Pearce-Crump , William J. Knottenbelt

We introduce a general method for achieving robust group-invariance in group-equivariant convolutional neural networks ($G$-CNNs), which we call the $G$-triple-correlation ($G$-TC) layer. The approach leverages the theory of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Sophia Sanborn , Nina Miolane

We present a general theory of Group equivariant Convolutional Neural Networks (G-CNNs) on homogeneous spaces such as Euclidean space and the sphere. Feature maps in these networks represent fields on a homogeneous base space, and layers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Taco Cohen , Mario Geiger , Maurice Weiler

Universality results for equivariant neural networks remain rare. Those that do exist typically hold only in restrictive settings: either they rely on regular or higher-order tensor representations, leading to impractically high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-20 Marco Pacini , Mircea Petrache , Bruno Lepri , Shubhendu Trivedi , Robin Walters

Constraining linear layers in neural networks to respect symmetry transformations from a group $G$ is a common design principle for invariant networks that has found many applications in machine learning. In this paper, we consider a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Haggai Maron , Ethan Fetaya , Nimrod Segol , Yaron Lipman

Theoretical studies on the representation power of GNNs have been centered around understanding the equivalence of GNNs, using WL-Tests for detecting graph isomorphism. In this paper, we argue that such equivalence ignores the accompanying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 P. Krishna Kumar a , Harish G. Ramaswamy

Graph processes exhibit a temporal structure determined by the sequence index and and a spatial structure determined by the graph support. To learn from graph processes, an information processing architecture must then be able to exploit…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-02 Luana Ruiz , Fernando Gama , Alejandro Ribeiro

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become powerful tools for processing graph-based information in various domains. A desirable property of GNNs is transferability, where a trained network can swap in information from a different graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 A. Martina Neuman , Jason J. Bramburger

Although graph neural networks (GNNs) have made great progress recently on learning from graph-structured data in practice, their theoretical guarantee on generalizability remains elusive in the literature. In this paper, we provide a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Shuai Zhang , Meng Wang , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Jinjun Xiong

Subgraph GNNs enhance message-passing GNNs expressivity by representing graphs as sets of subgraphs, demonstrating impressive performance across various tasks. However, their scalability is hindered by the need to process large numbers of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Guy Bar-Shalom , Yam Eitan , Fabrizio Frasca , Haggai Maron

Effectively predicting molecular interactions has the potential to accelerate molecular dynamics by multiple orders of magnitude and thus revolutionize chemical simulations. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have recently shown great successes…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-06-25 Johannes Gasteiger , Florian Becker , Stephan Günnemann

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have become a core paradigm for learning on relational data. In materials science, equivariant GNNs (EGNNs) have emerged as a compelling backbone for crystalline-structure prediction, owing to their ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yang Cao , Zhao Song , Jiahao Zhang , Jiale Zhao

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely applied to various fields due to their powerful representations of graph-structured data. Despite the success of GNNs, most existing GNNs are designed to learn node representations on the fixed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Seongjun Yun , Minbyul Jeong , Sungdong Yoo , Seunghun Lee , Sean S. Yi , Raehyun Kim , Jaewoo Kang , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are composed of layers consisting of graph convolutions and pointwise nonlinearities. Due to their invariance and stability properties, GNNs are provably successful at learning representations from data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Luana Ruiz , Luiz F. O. Chamon , Alejandro Ribeiro

We analyze the universality and generalization of graph neural networks (GNNs) on attributed graphs, i.e., with node attributes. To this end, we propose pseudometrics over the space of all attributed graphs that describe the fine-grained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Levi Rauchwerger , Stefanie Jegelka , Ron Levie

The principle of equivariance to symmetry transformations enables a theoretically grounded approach to neural network architecture design. Equivariant networks have shown excellent performance and data efficiency on vision and medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Taco S. Cohen , Maurice Weiler , Berkay Kicanaoglu , Max Welling

Equivariant neural networks provide a principled framework for incorporating symmetry into learning architectures and have been extensively analyzed through the lens of their separation power, that is, the ability to distinguish inputs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Marco Pacini , Gabriele Santin , Bruno Lepri , Shubhendu Trivedi