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Generative adversarial networks, or GANs, commonly display unstable behavior during training. In this work, we develop a principled theoretical framework for understanding the stability of various types of GANs. In particular, we derive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Casey Chu , Kentaro Minami , Kenji Fukumizu

In this paper, we consider a general stochastic optimization problem which is often at the core of supervised learning, such as deep learning and linear classification. We consider a standard stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-27 Lam M. Nguyen , Nam H. Nguyen , Dzung T. Phan , Jayant R. Kalagnanam , Katya Scheinberg

We study distributed algorithms for seeking a Nash equilibrium in a class of non-cooperative convex games with strongly monotone mappings. Each player has access to her own smooth local cost function and can communicate to her neighbors in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-24 Tatiana Tatarenko , Wei Shi , Angelia Nedich

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a central tool in machine learning. We prove that SGD converges to zero loss, even with a fixed (non-vanishing) learning rate - in the special case of homogeneous linear classifiers with smooth monotone…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-19 Mor Shpigel Nacson , Nathan Srebro , Daniel Soudry

Gradient descent algorithm is the most utilized method when optimizing machine learning issues. However, there exists many local minimums and saddle points in the loss function, especially for high dimensional non-convex optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Zhicheng Cai

We present a novel view on principal component analysis (PCA) as a competitive game in which each approximate eigenvector is controlled by a player whose goal is to maximize their own utility function. We analyze the properties of this PCA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Ian Gemp , Brian McWilliams , Claire Vernade , Thore Graepel

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a fundamental algorithm in machine learning, representing the optimization backbone for training several classic models, from regression to neural networks. Given the recent practical focus on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-25 Dan Alistarh , Christopher De Sa , Nikola Konstantinov

A dynamic algorithm against an adaptive adversary is required to be correct when the adversary chooses the next update after seeing the previous outputs of the algorithm. We obtain faster dynamic algorithms against an adaptive adversary and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Amos Beimel , Haim Kaplan , Yishay Mansour , Kobbi Nissim , Thatchaphol Saranurak , Uri Stemmer

Decision-based methods have shown to be effective in black-box adversarial attacks, as they can obtain satisfactory performance and only require to access the final model prediction. Gradient estimation is a critical step in black-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Han Liu , Xingshuo Huang , Xiaotong Zhang , Qimai Li , Fenglong Ma , Wei Wang , Hongyang Chen , Hong Yu , Xianchao Zhang

The wide applications of Generative adversarial networks benefit from the successful training methods, guaranteeing that an object function converges to the local minima. Nevertheless, designing an efficient and competitive training method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Huiqing Qi , Fang Li , Shengli Tan , Xiangyun Zhang

In this paper, we propose a numerical methodology for finding the closed-loop Nash equilibrium of stochastic delay differential games through deep learning. These games are prevalent in finance and economics where multi-agent interaction…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-07-14 Robert Balkin , Hector D. Ceniceros , Ruimeng Hu

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) learn an implicit generative model from data samples through a two-player game. In this paper, we study the existence of Nash equilibrium of the game which is consistent as the number of data samples…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-13 Sixin Zhang

In this paper, we aim at providing an introduction to the gradient descent based optimization algorithms for learning deep neural network models. Deep learning models involving multiple nonlinear projection layers are very challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Jiawei Zhang

Gradient normalization and soft clipping are two popular techniques for tackling instability issues and improving convergence of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with momentum. In this article, we study these types of methods through the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Måns Williamson , Tony Stillfjord

Coding theory plays a crucial role in ensuring data integrity and reliability across various domains, from communication to computation and storage systems. However, its reliance on trust assumptions for data recovery, which requires the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Hanzaleh Akbari Nodehi , Viveck R. Cadambe , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali

We study the complexity of training neural network models with one hidden nonlinear activation layer and an output weighted sum layer. We analyze Gradient Descent applied to learning a bounded target function on $n$ real-valued inputs. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Santosh Vempala , John Wilmes

In stochastic Nash equilibrium problems (SNEPs), it is natural for players to be uncertain about their complex environments and have multi-dimensional unknown parameters in their models. Among various SNEPs, this paper focuses on locally…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-06 Yuanhanqing Huang , Jianghai Hu

As artificial agents proliferate, it is becoming increasingly important to ensure that their interactions with one another are well-behaved. In this paper, we formalize a common-sense notion of when algorithms are well-behaved: an algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-07 David Balduzzi

With the success of modern machine learning, it is becoming increasingly important to understand and control how learning algorithms interact. Unfortunately, negative results from game theory show there is little hope of understanding or…

Causal discovery remains a central challenge in machine learning, yet existing methods face a fundamental gap: algorithms like GES and GraN-DAG achieve strong empirical performance but lack finite-sample guarantees, while theoretically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Amartya Roy , Souvik Chakraborty