Related papers: On the minima of positive definite binary hamilton…

In this note we construct a series of small subsets containing a non-d-th power element in a finite field by applying certain bounds on incomplete character sums. Precisely, let $h=\lfloor q^{\delta}\rfloor>1$ and $d\mid q^h-1$. Let $r$ be…

It is shown that if the decoherence matrix corresponding to a qubit master equation has a block-diagonal real part, then the evolution is determined by a one-dimensional oscillator equation. Further, when the full decoherence matrix is…

Given an indefinite binary quaternionic Hermitian form $f$ with coefficients in a maximal order of a definite quaternion algebra over $\mathbb Q$, we give a precise asymptotic equivalent to the number of nonequivalent representations,…

We give simple proofs of the Davenport--Heilbronn theorems, which provide the main terms in the asymptotics for the number of cubic fields having bounded discriminant and for the number of 3-torsion elements in the class groups of quadratic…

For any pair of three-dimensional real unit vectors $\hat{m}$ and $\hat{n}$ with $|\hat{m}^{\rm T} \hat{n}| < 1$ and any rotation $U$, let $N_{\hat{m},\hat{n}}(U)$ denote the least value of a positive integer $k$ such that $U$ can be…

Let $n\ge1$, $r\ge0$ and $s\ge0$ be integers satisfying $4+r+3 s\le3^{n+1}$. Given linear polynomials $f_{i}(x)=m_{i} x+n_{i}$ for $1 \le i \le r+s$, where the coefficients $m_{i} , n_{i}$ are positive integers satisfying certain…

Cardinality-constrained binary optimization is a fundamental computational primitive with broad applications in machine learning, finance, and scientific computing. In this work, we introduce a Grover-based quantum algorithm that exploits…

For a discrete valuation ring $R$ with quotient field $K$ and residue field $F$ both of characteristic not 2, we study low-dimensional quadratic forms with Witt class in the $n$-th power of the fundamental ideal of $F$ resp. $K$ and point…

The capability of discretization of matrix elements in the problem of quadratic functional minimization with linear member built on matrix in N-dimensional configuration space with discrete coordinates is researched. It is shown, that…

Given a simple Eulerian binary matroid $M$, what is the minimum number of disjoint circuits necessary to decompose $M$? We prove that $|M| / (\operatorname{rank}(M) + 1)$ many circuits suffice if $M = \mathbb F_2^n \setminus \{0\}$ is the…

The determinantal complexity of a polynomial $P \in \mathbb{F}[x_1, \ldots, x_n]$ over a field $\mathbb{F}$ is the dimension of the smallest matrix $M$ whose entries are affine functions in $\mathbb{F}[x_1, \ldots, x_n]$ such that $P =…

Let $Q(x_1, \cdots,x_n)$ be a real indefinite quadratic form of the type $(r,s)$, $n=r+s$, signature $\sigma=r-s$ and determinant $D\neq 0$. Let $\Gamma_{r,n-r}$ denote the infimum of all numbers $\Gamma$ such that for any real numbers…

A Noetherian reduced ring $A$ is called a birational derived splinter if for all proper birational maps $X\to\operatorname{Spec}(A)$, the canonical map $A\to Rf_*\mathcal{O}_X$ splits. In equal characteristic zero this property…

For $s>-1$, $s\notin\mathbb N_0$, we compare two natural types of fractional Laplacians $(-\Delta)^s$, namely, the restricted Dirichlet and the spectral Neumann ones. We show that for the quadratic form of their difference taken on the…

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a standard NP-hard optimization problem. Recently, it has gained renewed interest through quantum computing, as QUBOs directly reduce to the Ising model, on which quantum annealing…

L.Huang [Linear Algebra Appl. 331 (2001) 21-30] gave a canonical form of a quaternion matrix $A$ with respect to consimilarity transformations $\tilde{S}^{-1}AS$ in which $S$ is a nonsingular quaternion matrix and $\tilde{h}:=a-bi+cj-dk$…

In this article we estimate the number of integers up to $X$ which can be represented by a positive-definite, binary integral quadratic form of discriminant which is small relative to $X$. This follows from understanding the vector of signs…

The problem of expressing a specific polynomial as the determinant of a square matrix of affine-linear forms arises from algebraic geometry, optimisation, complexity theory, and scientific computing. Motivated by recent developments in this…

Let ${\mathbb M}$ be an arbitrary o-minimal structure. Let $G$ be a definably compact definably connected abelian definable group of dimension $n$. Here we compute the new the intrinsic o-minimal fundamental group of $G;$ for each $k>0$,…

We derive all possible symmetry breaking patterns for all possible Higgs fields that can occur in intersecting brane models: bi-fundamentals and rank-2 tensors. This is a field-theoretic problem that was already partially solved in 1973 by…