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The initial location of data in DRAMs is determined and controlled by the 'address-mapping' and even modern memory controllers use a fixed and run-time-agnostic address mapping. On the other hand, the memory access pattern seen at the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-09-15 Mohsen Ghasempour , Jim Garside , Aamer Jaleel , Mikel Luján

The rapid growth of demanding applications in domains applying multimedia processing and machine learning has marked a new era for edge and cloud computing. These applications involve massive data and compute-intensive tasks, and thus,…

Neural personalized recommendation models are used across a wide variety of datacenter applications including search, social media, and entertainment. State-of-the-art models comprise large embedding tables that have billions of parameters…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Mark Wilkening , Udit Gupta , Samuel Hsia , Caroline Trippel , Carole-Jean Wu , David Brooks , Gu-Yeon Wei

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a core primitive in modern AI systems, and graph-based methods currently offer the best accuracy-efficiency trade-off at scale. The workload is fundamentally memory-bound: graph traversal…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Sitian Chen , Yusen Li , Yao Chen , Minwen Deng , Jintao Meng , Amelie Chi Zhou

Processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures have demonstrated great potential in accelerating numerous deep learning tasks. Particularly, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) devices provide a promising hardware substrate to build PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Weidong Cao , Yilong Zhao , Adith Boloor , Yinhe Han , Xuan Zhang , Li Jiang

The resurgence of near-memory processing (NMP) with the advent of big data has shifted the computation paradigm from processor-centric to memory-centric computing. To meet the bandwidth and capacity demands of memory-centric computing, 3D…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Pritam Majumder , Jiayi Huang , Sungkeun Kim , Abdullah Muzahid , Dylan Siegers , Chia-Che Tsai , Eun Jung Kim

Recent DNA pre-alignment filter designs employ DRAM for storing the reference genome and its associated meta-data. However, DRAM incurs increasingly high energy consumption background and refresh energy as devices scale. To overcome this…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Fazal Hameed , Asif Ali Khan , Sebastien Ollivier , Alex K. Jones , Jeronimo Castrillon

The cost of moving data between the memory units and the compute units is a major contributor to the execution time and energy consumption of modern workloads in computing systems. At the same time, we are witnessing an enormous amount of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Gagandeep Singh

The complexity of multimedia applications in terms of intensity of computation and heterogeneity of treated data led the designers to embark them on multiprocessor systems on chip. The complexity of these systems on one hand and the…

Performance · Computer Science 2010-02-08 Dorsaf Sebai , Abderrazak Jemai , Imed Bennour

Processing-in-memory (PIM) reduces data movement by executing near memory, but our large-scale characterization on real PIM hardware shows that end-to-end performance is often limited by disjoint host and device address spaces that force…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-11-20 I-Ting Lee , Bao-Kai Wang , Liang-Chi Chen , Wen Sheng Lim , Da-Wei Chang , Yu-Ming Chang , Chieng-Chung Ho

Data movement between memory and processors is a major bottleneck in modern computing systems. The processing-in-memory (PIM) paradigm aims to alleviate this bottleneck by performing computation inside memory chips. Real PIM hardware (e.g.,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Jinfan Chen , Juan Gómez-Luna , Izzat El Hajj , Yuxin Guo , Onur Mutlu

Near-memory Computing (NMC) promises improved performance for the applications that can exploit the features of emerging memory technologies such as 3D-stacked memory. However, it is not trivial to find such applications and specialized…

Performance · Computer Science 2019-06-26 Stefano Corda , Gagandeep Singh , Ahsan Javed Awan , Roel Jordans , Henk Corporaal

Sorting is a fundamental operation across numerous computational domains. Traditionally, this process involves transferring data from main memory to a processing unit for sorting, followed by writing the sorted data back to memory. This…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Narendra Singh Dhakad , Santosh Kumar Vishvakarma

Neural Turing Machines (NTM) contain memory component that simulates "working memory" in the brain to store and retrieve information to ease simple algorithms learning. So far, only linearly organized memory is proposed, and during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Wei Zhang , Yang Yu , Bowen Zhou

Spiking neural networks excel at event-driven sensing. Yet, maintaining task-relevant context over long timescales both algorithmically and in hardware, while respecting both tight energy and memory budgets, remains a core challenge in the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Pengfei Sun , Zhe Su , Jascha Achterberg , Giacomo Indiveri , Dan F. M. Goodman , Danyal Akarca

The term ``neuromorphic'' refers to systems that are closely resembling the architecture and/or the dynamics of biological neural networks. Typical examples are novel computer chips designed to mimic the architecture of a biological brain,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Dario Izzo , Alexander Hadjiivanov , Dominik Dold , Gabriele Meoni , Emmanuel Blazquez

Emerging Compute Express Link (CXL) enables cost-efficient memory expansion beyond the local DRAM of processors. While its CXL$.$mem protocol provides minimal latency overhead through an optimized protocol stack, frequent CXL memory…

Neural networks powered with external memory simulate computer behaviors. These models, which use the memory to store data for a neural controller, can learn algorithms and other complex tasks. In this paper, we introduce a new memory to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Hung Le , Truyen Tran , Svetha Venkatesh

Processing-in-Memory (PIM) has emerged as a promising computing paradigm to address the memory wall and the fundamental bottleneck of the von Neumann architecture by reducing costly data movement between memory and processing units. As with…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mahdi Aghaei , Saba Ebrahimi , Mohammad Saleh Arafati , Elham Cheshmikhani , Dara Rahmati , Saeid Gorgin , Jungrae Kim

Processing-in-Memory (PIM) enhances memory with computational capabilities, potentially solving energy and latency issues associated with data transfer between memory and processors. However, managing concurrent computation and data flow…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Ahmed Mamdouh , Haoran Geng , Michael Niemier , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Dayane Reis