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We describe a framework for random pairwise comparisons matrices, inspired by selected constructions releted to the so called inconsistency reduction of pairwise comparisons (PC) matrices. In to build up structures on random pairwise…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-04 Jean-Pierre Magnot

Since there exist several completion methods to estimate the missing entries of pairwise comparison matrices, practitioners face a difficult task in choosing the best technique. Our paper contributes to this issue: we consider a special set…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-14 László Csató

In this article, we propose two quantitative methods for calculating weight vectors for incomplete pairwise comparison matrices using reference values. Both procedures are extensions of arithmetic and geometric heuristic estimation (HRE)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Konrad Kułakowski , Anna Kędzior , Jacek Szybowski , Jiri Mazurek

Alongside consistency, completeness of information is one of the key factors influencing data quality. The objective of this paper is to define ways of treating missing entries in pairwise comparisons (PC) method with respect to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Konrad Kułakowski , Anna Prusak , Jacek Szybowski

Pairwise comparison matrix as a crucial component of AHP, presents the prefer- ence relations among alternatives. However, in many cases, the pairwise comparison matrix is difficult to complete, which obstructs the subsequent operations of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-07-28 Xinyi Zhou , Yong Hu , Yong Deng , Felix T. S. Chan , Alessio Ishizak

Incomplete pairwise comparison matrices are increasingly employed to save resources and reduce cognitive load by collecting only a subset of all possible pairwise comparisons. We present their graph representation and some completion…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-30 László Csató , Sándor Bozóki

Incomplete pairwise comparison matrices contain some missing judgements. A natural approach to estimate these values is provided by minimising a reasonable measure of inconsistency after unknown entries are replaced by variables. Two widely…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-02-07 László Csató , Kolos Csaba Ágoston , Sándor Bozóki

In this paper, we propose a machine learning model for sparse pairwise comparison matrices (PCMs), combining classical PCM approaches with graph-based learning techniques. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Selcuk Koyuncu , Ronak Nouri , Stephen Providence

The geometric mean method (GMM) and the eigenvector method (EM) are well-known approaches to deriving information from pairwise comparison matrices in decision making processes. However, the original algorithms of these methods are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-10-06 I. L. Tomashevskii

Orthogonalization is one of few mathematical methods conforming to mathematical standards for approximation. Finding a consistent PC matrix of a given an inconsistent PC matrix is the main goal of a pairwise comparisons method. We introduce…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-04-25 Julio Benitez , Waldemar W. Koczkodaj , Adam Kowalczyk

We investigate an application of a mathematically robust minimization method -- the gradient method -- to the consistencization problem of a pairwise comparisons (PC) matrix. Our approach sheds new light on the notion of a priority vector…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-07-19 Jean-Pierre Magnot , Jiří Mazurek , Viera Čerňanová

Comparing alternatives in pairs is a very well known technique of ranking creation. The answer to how reliable and trustworthy ranking is depends on the inconsistency of the data from which it was created. There are many indices used for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Konrad Kułakowski , Dawid Talaga

Multicriteria Decision Making problems are important both for individuals and groups. Pairwise comparisons have become popular in the theory and practice of preference modelling and quantification. We focus on decision problems where the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Sándor Bozóki , Zsombor Szádoczki , Hailemariam Abebe Tekile

We describe a new approach based on tropical optimization techniques to solve the problem of rating alternatives from pairwise comparison data. The problem is formulated to approximate, in the log-Chebyshev sense, pairwise comparison…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-12-12 N. Krivulin

We attack the problem of getting a strict ranking (i.e. a ranking without equally ranked items) of $n$ items from a pairwise comparisons matrix. Basic structures are described, a first heuristical approach based on a condition, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jean-Pierre Magnot

There are many priority deriving methods for pairwise comparison matrices. It is known that when these matrices are consistent all these methods result in the same priority vector. However, when they are inconsistent, the results may vary.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Konrad Kułakowski , Jiří Mazurek , Michał Strada

Pairwise comparison is an important tool in multi-attribute decision making. Pairwise comparison matrices (PCM) have been applied for ranking criteria and for scoring alternatives according to a given criterion. Our paper presents a special…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Sándor Bozóki , László Csató , József Temesi

In this study, a pairwise comparison matrix is generalized to the case when coefficients create Lie group $G$, non necessarily abelian. A necessary and sufficient criterion for pairwise comparisons matrices to be consistent is provided.…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-07-12 Waldemar W. Koczkodaj , Jean-Pierre Magnot

A series of papers has introduced the Heuristic Rating Estimation method, which evaluates a set of alternatives based on pairwise comparisons and the weights of reference alternatives. We formulate the conditions under which the HRE method…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jacek Szybowski , Konrad Kułakowski , Jiri Mazurek

A special class of preferences, given by a directed acyclic graph, is considered. They are represented by incomplete pairwise comparison matrices as only partial information is available: for some pairs no comparison is given in the graph.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-20 László Csató , Lajos Rónyai
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