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In the quest for low power, bio-inspired computation both memristive and memcapacitive-based Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been the subjects of increasing focus for hardware implementation of neuromorphic computing. One step…
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) perform extraordinarily on numerous tasks including classification or prediction, e.g., speech processing and image classification. These new functions are based on a computational model that is enabled to…
With the increasing acquisition of large-scale neural recordings comes the challenge of inferring the computations they perform and understanding how these give rise to behavior. Here, we review emerging conceptual and technological…
In living systems, we often see the emergence of the ingredients necessary for computation -- the capacity for information transmission, storage, and modification -- begging the question of how we may exploit or imitate such biological…
Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been broadly utilized to analyze various data and solve different domain problems. However, neural networks (NNs) have been considered a black box operation for years because their underlying…
Information processing in complex systems is often found to be maximally efficient close to critical states associated with phase transitions. It is therefore conceivable that also neural information processing operates close to…
Continuous, adaptive learning, the ability to adapt to the environment and keep improving performance, is a hallmark of natural intelligence. Biological organisms excel in acquiring, transferring, and retaining knowledge while adapting to…
Emergence of deep neural networks (DNNs) has raised enormous attention towards artificial neural networks (ANNs) once again. They have become the state-of-the-art models and have won different machine learning challenges. Although these…
The new era of artificial intelligence demands large-scale ultrafast hardware for machine learning. Optical artificial neural networks process classical and quantum information at the speed of light, and are compatible with silicon…
To address Quantum Artificial Neural Networks as quantum dynamical computing systems, a formalization of quantum artificial neural networks as dynamical systems is developed, expanding the concept of unitary map to the neural computation…
Artificial neural network (ANN) has been widely used due to its strong nonlinear mapping ability, fault tolerance and self-learning ability. This article summarizes the development history of artificial neural networks, introduces three…
Understanding the complexity of biological neural networks like the human brain is one of the scientific challenges of our century. The organization of the brain can be described at different levels, ranging from small neural networks to…
Recurrent neurons, or "simulated" qubits, can store simultaneous true and false with probabilistic behaviors usually reserved for the qubits of quantum physics. Although possible to construct artificially, simulated qubits are intended to…
Artificial neural networks have been proposed as potential algorithms that could benefit from being implemented and run on quantum computers. In particular, they hold promise to greatly enhance Artificial Intelligence tasks, such as image…
Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) represent a powerful framework for modeling biological self-organization, extending classical rule-based systems with trainable, differentiable (or evolvable) update rules that capture the adaptive…
Many important phenomena in biochemistry and biology exploit dynamical features such as multi-stability, oscillations, and chaos. Construction of novel chemical systems with such rich dynamics is a challenging problem central to the fields…
Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer a more energy-efficient alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) by mimicking biological neural principles, establishing them as a promising approach to mitigate the increasing energy demands of…
The "edge of chaos" phase transition in artificial neural networks is of renewed interest in light of recent evidence for criticality in brain dynamics. Statistical mechanics traditionally studied this transition with connectivity $k$ as…
It is suggested that a quantum neural network (QNN), a type of artificial neural network, can be built using the principles of quantum information processing. The input and output qubits in the QNN can be implemented by optical modes with…
Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are distributed trainable systems whose computing elements, or neurons, are characterized by internal analog dynamics and by digital and sparse synaptic communications. The sparsity of the synaptic spiking…