Related papers: Vacuum electrical breakdown conditioning study in …
Vacuum electrical breakdowns, also known as vacuum arcs, are a limiting factor in many devices that are based on application of high electric fields near their component surfaces. Understanding of processes that lead to breakdown events may…
This review consolidates experimental, theoretical, and simulation work examining the behavior of high-field devices and the fundamental process of vacuum arc initiation, commonly referred to as breakdown. Detailed experimental observations…
Understanding the underlying factors responsible for higher-than-anticipated local field enhancements that trigger vacuum breakdown on pristine metal surfaces is crucial for the development of devices capable of withstanding intense…
During operation, the radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) of the LINAC4 at CERN is exposed to high electric fields, which can lead to vacuum breakdown. It is also subject to beam loss, which can cause surface modification, including…
Additive Manufacturing (AM) is already well-established for various manufacturing applications, providing many benefits such as design freedom, novel and complex cooling designs for the parts and different performance improvements, as well…
Understanding the microscopic phenomena behind vacuum arc ignition and generation is crucial for being able to control the breakdown rate, thus improving the effectiveness of many high-voltage applications where frequent breakdowns limit…
Vacuum breakdown in accelerator structures is a critical challenge that occurs under high electric fields. In environments subjected to hydrogen ion irradiation or high beam losses, such as in Radio-Frequency Quadrupoles (RFQ), residual…
X-band accelerator structures meeting the Next Linear Collider (NLC) design requirements have been found to suffer vacuum surface damage caused by radio frequency (RF) breakdown, when processed to high electric-field gradients. Improved…
The development of high gradient accelerating structures is one of the leading activities of the accelerator community. In the technological research of new construction methods for these devices, high-power testing is a critical step for…
High-gradient acceleration is a key research area that could enable compact linear accelerators for future colliders, light sources, and other applications. In the pursuit of high-gradient operation, RF breakdown limits the attainable…
In order to investigate the dependence of conditioning and field-holding on temperature, three pairs of copper electrodes underwent high voltage conditioning with direct current (DC) pulses while kept at a single temperature, unique for…
Vacuum breakdowns in particle accelerators and other devices operating at high electric fields is a common problem in the operation of these devices. It has been proposed that the onset of vacuum breakdowns is associated with appearance of…
The phenomenon of electric breakdown poses serious challenge to the design of devices that operate under high gradient environments. Experimental evidence often points towards breakdown events that are accompanied by elevated temperatures…
For the SwissFEL project, an advanced high gradient low emittance gun is under development. Reliable operation with an electric field, preferably above 125 MV/m at a 4 mm gap, in the presence of an UV laser beam, has to be achieved in a…
High voltage breakdown in liquid argon is an important concern in the design of liquid argon time projection chambers, which are often used as neutrino and dark matter detectors. We have made systematic measurements of breakdown voltages in…
We report results from a study on electrical breakdown in liquid helium using near-uniform-field stainless steel electrodes with a stressed area of $\sim$0.725 cm$^2$. The distribution of the breakdown field is obtained for temperatures…
We describe breakdown in 805 MHz rf accelerator cavities in terms of a number of self consistent mechanisms. We divide the breakdown process into three stages: 1) we model surface failure using molecular dynamics of fracture caused by…
A plasma model is presented for the formation of ``cathode spots'' and subsequent crater development near field emission sites on a copper surface in the presence of a strong dc electric field. Adding to previously published models, we…
The occurrence of radio-frequency (rf) breakdown limits operational electromagnetic gradients in accelerator structures. Experimental evidence often suggests that breakdown events are associated with temperature and dark current spikes on…
We characterized a sample of metal-oxide resistors and measured their breakdown voltage in liquid argon by applying high voltage (HV) pulses over a 3 second period. This test mimics the situation in a HV-divider chain when a breakdown…