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Before introducing an Automated Driving System (ADS) on the road at scale, the manufacturer must conduct some sort of safety assurance. To structure and harmonize the safety assurance process, the UNECE WP.29 Working Party on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Olaf Op den Camp , Erwin de Gelder

The translation of high-level abstract features into clear, and testable functional requirements (FRs) is a crucial step in software development, bridging the gap between user needs and technical specifications. In engineering practice,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xiaoli Lian , Jiajun Wu , Xiaoyun Gao , Shuaisong Wang , Li Zhang

Systematic testing of autonomous vehicles operating in complex real-world scenarios is a difficult and expensive problem. We present Paracosm, a reactive language for writing test scenarios for autonomous driving systems. Paracosm allows…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Rupak Majumdar , Aman Mathur , Marcus Pirron , Laura Stegner , Damien Zufferey

Planning is an essential topic in the realm of automated driving. Besides planning algorithms that are widely covered in the literature, planning requires different software tools for its development, validation, and execution. This paper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Kailin Tong , Zlatan Ajanovic , Georg Stettinger

The increase in complexity of autonomous systems is accompanied by a need of data-driven development and validation strategies. Advances in computer graphics and cloud clusters have opened the way to massive parallel high fidelity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Osama Maqbool , Jürgen Roßmann

To cope with the increasing complexity of developing and maintaining modern (software) systems, multiple abstractions (models) of the same system can be established and used to allow different domain experts to collaborate and contribute…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Anthony Anjorin , Enes Yigitbas , Erhan Leblebici , Andy Schürr , Marius Lauder , Martin Witte

Many texts, especially in chemistry and biology, describe complex processes. We focus on texts that describe a chemical reaction process and questions that ask about the process's outcome under different environmental conditions. To answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Gal Peretz , Kira Radinsky

The growing complexity of urban mobility systems has made traffic simulation indispensable for evidence-based transportation planning and policy evaluation. However, despite the analytical capabilities of platforms such as the Simulation of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Minwoo Jeong , Jeeyun Chang , Yoonjin Yoon

A key goal of the System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) hazard analysis technique is the identification of loss scenarios - causal factors that could potentially lead to an accident. We propose an approach that aims to assist engineers…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Craig Innes , Andrew Ireland , Yuhui Lin , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

Previous work has presented our ongoing e orts to define a "reference semantics" for the UML, that is, a mathematically defined system model that is envisaged to cover all of the UML eventually, and that also carefully avoids the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-09-24 Maria Victoria Cengarle , Jürgen Dingel , Hans Grönninger , Bernhard Rumpe

The rapidly evolving field of autonomous driving systems (ADSs) is full of promise. However, in order to fulfil these promises, ADSs need to be safe in all circumstances. This paper introduces ISS-Scenario, an autonomous driving testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Renjue Li , Tianhang Qin , Cas Widdershoven

Large Language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success in assisting robot learning tasks, i.e., complex household planning. However, the performance of pretrained LLMs heavily relies on domain-specific templated text data, which may be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Jielin Qiu , Mengdi Xu , William Han , Seungwhan Moon , Ding Zhao

Scenario-based testing is a promising approach to solve the challenge of proving the safe behavior of vehicles equipped with automated driving systems. Since an infinite number of concrete scenarios can theoretically occur in real-world…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Nico Weber , Christoph Thiem , Ulrich Konigorski

Testing and evaluation is a critical step in the development and deployment of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), and yet there is no systematic framework to generate testing scenario library. This study aims to provide a general…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Shuo Feng , Yiheng Feng , Chunhui Yu , Yi Zhang , Henry X. Liu

Scenario-based testing is an indispensable instrument for the comprehensive validation and verification of automated vehicles (AVs). However, finding a manageable and finite, yet representative subset of scenarios in a scalable, possibly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ferdinand Mütsch , Maximilian Zipfl , Nikolai Polley , J. Marius Zöllner

Knowledge representation and reasoning has a long history of examining how knowledge can be formalized, interpreted, and semantically analyzed by machines. In the area of automated vehicles, recent advances suggest the ability to formalize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Lukas Westhofen , Christian Neurohr , Martin Butz , Maike Scholtes , Michael Schuldes

The scenario-based testing of operational vehicle safety presents a set of principal other vehicle (POV) trajectories that seek to force the subject vehicle (SV) into a certain safety-critical situation. Current scenarios are mostly (i)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Linda Capito , Bowen Weng , Umit Ozguner , Keith Redmill

This paper presents deductive programming for scheduling scenario generation. Modeling for solution is achieved through program transformations. First, declarative model for scheduling problem domain is introduced. After that model is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2013-04-15 Bruno Blaskovic , Mirko Randic

Ensuring the quality of automated driving systems is a major challenge the automotive industry is facing. In this context, quality defines the degree to which an object meets expectations and requirements. Especially, automated vehicles at…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Barbara Schütt , Markus Steimle , Birte Kramer , Danny Behnecke , Eric Sax

Driving scenario data play an increasingly vital role in the development of intelligent vehicles and autonomous driving. Accurate and efficient scenario data search is critical for both online vehicle decision-making and planning, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Cheng Chang , Jingwei Ge , Jiazhe Guo , Zelin Guo , Binghong Jiang , Li Li