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Quantum chemistry calculations such as the prediction of molecular properties and modeling of chemical reactions are a few of the critical areas where near-term quantum computers can showcase quantum advantage. We present a method to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Utkarsh Azad , Harjinder Singh

While most work on the quantum simulation of chemistry has focused on computing energy surfaces, a similarly important application requiring subtly different algorithms is the computation of energy derivatives. Almost all molecular…

We develop a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm to calculate the analytical second-order derivative of the energy for the orbital-optimized variational quantum eigensolver (OO-VQE), which is a method to calculate eigenenergies of a given…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Yuya O. Nakagawa , Jiabao Chen , Shotaro Sudo , Yu-ya Ohnishi , Wataru Mizukami

The fundamental problem faced in quantum chemistry is the calculation of molecular properties, which are of practical importance in fields ranging from materials science to biochemistry. Within chemical precision, the total energy of a…

The calculation time for the energy of atoms and molecules scales exponentially with system size on a classical computer but polynomially using quantum algorithms. We demonstrate that such algorithms can be applied to problems of chemical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alán Aspuru-Guzik , Anthony D. Dutoi , Peter J. Love , Martin Head-Gordon

We report the first electronic structure calculation performed on a quantum computer without exponentially costly precompilation. We use a programmable array of superconducting qubits to compute the energy surface of molecular hydrogen…

It is known that quantum computers, if available, would allow an exponential decrease in the computational cost of quantum simulations. We extend this result to show that the computation of molecular properties (energy derivatives) could…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-23 Ivan Kassal , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

We adapt the robust phase estimation algorithm to the evaluation of energy differences between two eigenstates using a quantum computer. This approach does not require controlled unitaries between auxiliary and system registers or even a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-02 A. E. Russo , K. M. Rudinger , B. C. A. Morrison , A. D. Baczewski

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and its variants, which is a method for finding eigenstates and eigenenergies of a given Hamiltonian, are appealing applications of near-term quantum computers. Although the eigenenergies are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-12 Kosuke Mitarai , Yuya O. Nakagawa , Wataru Mizukami

Quantum chemistry simulations of some industrially relevant molecules are reported, employing variational quantum algorithms for near-term quantum devices. The energies and dipole moments are calculated along the dissociation curves for…

We present a hardware-validated reference dataset for variational ground-state energy calculations of the hydrogen molecule H\(_2\) on several IBM Quantum processors available in 2026. Using a standardized workflow, we benchmark the impact…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Julen Larrucea , Marita Oliv , Jeanette Lorenz

To understand the chemical properties of molecules, it is often important to study derivatives of energies with respect to nuclear coordinates or external fields. Quantum algorithms for computing energy derivatives have been proposed, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-26 Jack Ceroni , Alain Delgado , Soran Jahangiri , Juan Miguel Arrazola

Free energy calculations are at the heart of physics-based analyses of biochemical processes. They allow us to quantify molecular recognition mechanisms, which determine a wide range of biological phenomena from how cells send and receive…

Quantum simulation of quantum chemistry is one of the most compelling applications of quantum computing. It is of particular importance in areas ranging from materials science, biochemistry and condensed matter physics. Here, we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-25 Shijie Wei , Hang Li , GuiLu Long

The ability of quantum computers to overcome the exponential memory scaling of many-body problems is expected to transform quantum chemistry. Quantum algorithms require accurate representations of electronic states on a quantum device, but…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-04-26 Hugh G. A. Burton

In this educational paper, we will discuss calculations on the hydrogen molecule both on classical and quantum computers. In the former case, we will discuss the calculation of molecular integrals that can then be used to calculate…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Vincent Graves , Christoph Sünderhauf , Nick S. Blunt , Róbert Izsák , Milán Szőri

The simulation of electronic properties is a pivotal issue in modern electronic structure theory, driving significant efforts over the past decades to develop protocols for computing energy derivatives. In this work, we address this problem…

By design, the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) strives to recover the lowest-energy eigenvalue of a given Hamiltonian by preparing quantum states guided by the variational principle. In practice, the prepared quantum state is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-29 Daniel Claudino , Jerimiah Wright , Alexander J. McCaskey , Travis S. Humble

Quantum computers can be used to calculate the electronic structure and estimate the ground state energy of many-electron molecular systems. In the present study, we implement the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm, as a hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-11 Hamid Reza Naeij , Erfan Mahmoudi , Hossein Davoodi Yeganeh , Mohsen Akbari

Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) is a valuable technique for studying molecules and materials at finite temperatures where the nuclei evolve on potential energy surfaces obtained from accurate electronic structure calculations. In this…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-04-27 Dmitry A. Fedorov , Matthew J. Otten , Stephen K. Gray , Yuri Alexeev
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