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Transport infrastructure systems operate in, and are shaped by, the specific context in which they are expected to perform and contribute to the system-of-systems that support civilised life; they must strive to be sustainable and…

General Economics · Economics 2025-04-23 Nikolaos Kalyviotis , Christopher D. F. Rogers , Geoffrey J. D. Hewings

In this chapter the complex systems are discussed in the context of economic and business policy and decision making. It will be showed and motivated that social systems are typically chaotic, non-linear and/or non-equilibrium and therefore…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-03-20 Robert Kitt

Transformations to create more sustainable social-ecological systems are urgently needed. Structural change is a feature of transformations of social-ecological systems that is of critical importance but is little understood. Here, we…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2017-04-21 Steven J. Lade , Örjan Bodin , Jonathan F. Donges , Elin Enfors Kautsky , Diego Galafassi , Per Olsson , Maja Schlüter

Games with environmental feedback have become a crucial area of study across various scientific domains, modelling the dynamic interplay between human decisions and environmental changes, and highlighting the consequences of our choices on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-03-19 Meghdad Saeedian , Chengyi Tu , Fabio Menegazzo , Paolo D'Odorico , Sandro Azaele , Samir Suweis

Understanding how sustainable behaviors spread within heterogeneous societies requires the integration of behavioral data, social influence mechanisms, and structured approaches to control. In this paper, we propose a data-driven…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Martina Alutto , Sofia Bellotti , Fabrizio Dabbene , Chiara Ravazzi

Transformative changes in our production and consumption habits are needed to halt biodiversity loss. Organizations are the way we humans have organized our everyday life, and much of our negative environmental impacts, also called carbon…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-09 S. El Geneidy , M. Peura , V. M. Aumanen , S. Baumeister , U. Helimo , V. Vainio , J. S. Kotiaho

Promoting and increasing energy efficiency is a promising method of reducing CO2 emissions and avoiding the potentially devastating effects of climate change. The question is: How do we induce a cultural or behavioural change whereby people…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-09-29 Federico Gallo , Pierluigi Contucci , Adam Coutts , Ignacio Gallo

This paper establishes a quantitative and structural framework for civilizational continuity under rapid, non-linear ecological transitions. Utilizing empirical data on Earth's Energy Imbalance (EEI), currently measured at 1.36 W/m^2, we…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-27 Lei Zhu , William Zhu

Common-pool resource governance requires users to cooperate and avoid overexploitation, but defection and free-riding often undermine cooperation. We model a human-environmental system that integrates dynamics of resource and users'…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-01-23 Chengyi Tu , Renfei Chen , Ying Fan , Yongliang Yang

Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds promise as a technology that can be used to improve government and economic policy-making. This paper proposes a new research agenda towards this end by introducing Social Environment Design, a general…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Edwin Zhang , Sadie Zhao , Tonghan Wang , Safwan Hossain , Henry Gasztowtt , Stephan Zheng , David C. Parkes , Milind Tambe , Yiling Chen

Ecosystems are complex and dynamic systems. Over billions of years, they have developed advanced capabilities to provide stable functions, despite changes in their environment. In this paper, we argue that the laws of organization and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-07-11 Benoit Baudry , Martin Monperrus

A pro-environmental attitude in the general population is essential to combat climate change. Society as a whole has the power to change economic processes through market demands and to exert pressure on policymakers - both are key social…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Florian Bemmann , Carmen Mayer , Sven Mayer

The climate system is a forced, dissipative, nonlinear, complex and heterogeneous system that is out of thermodynamic equilibrium. The system exhibits natural variability on many scales of motion, in time as well as space, and it is subject…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-08-05 Michael Ghil , Valerio Lucarini

Indirect reciprocity maintains cooperation in stranger societies by mapping individual behaviors onto reputation signals via social norms. Existing theoretical frameworks assume static environments with constant resources and fixed payoff…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-04 Yishen Jiang , Xin Wang , Ming Wei , Wenqiang Zhu , Longzhao Liu , Hongwei Zheng , Shaoting Tang

Decades of research in machine learning have given us powerful tools for making accurate predictions. But when used in social settings and on human inputs, better accuracy does not immediately translate to better social outcomes. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Nir Rosenfeld , Haifeng Xu

The literature on ethics and sustainability in mathematics and its education is increasingly complex and fragmented, potentially leading to communication breakdowns between different scholarly traditions. To address this, the paper…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-10-14 Dennis Müller , Maurice Chiodo , Michael Meyer

This paper explores how ethical consumption can transform democratic governance toward sustainability by challenging traditional economic models centered on utility and efficiency. As societal values shift toward transparency equity and…

General Economics · Economics 2025-04-03 Pascal Stiefenhofer

In this paper, we examine both stability and sustainability of a network-based model of natural resource consumption. Stability is studied from a dynamical systems perspective, though we argue that sustainability is a fundamentally…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-11 Matthew T. Hale , Sebastian F. Ruf , Talha Manzoor , Abubakr Muhammad

Ecosystems enjoy increasing attention due to their flexibility and innovative power. It is well known, however, that this type of network-based economic governance structures occupies a potentially unstable position between the two stable…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-01-30 Christoph F. Strnadl

We investigate the formation of stable ecological networks where many species share the same resource. We show that such stable ecosystem naturally occurs as a result of extinctions. We obtain an analytical relation for the number of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-04-05 V. Kozlov , S. Vakulenko , U. Wennergren