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In the last decade, an active area of research has been devoted to design novel activation functions that are able to help deep neural networks to converge, obtaining better performance. The training procedure of these architectures usually…
Activation in deep neural networks is fundamental to achieving non-linear mappings. Traditional studies mainly focus on finding fixed activations for a particular set of learning tasks or model architectures. The research on flexible…
In the current research of neural networks, the activation function is manually specified by human and not able to change themselves during training. This paper focus on how to make the activation function trainable for deep neural…
In this paper, we propose novel quaternion activation functions where we modify either the quaternion magnitude or the phase, as an alternative to the commonly used split activation functions. We define criteria that are relevant for…
Current research suggests that the key factors in designing neural network architectures involve choosing number of filters for every convolution layer, number of hidden neurons for every fully connected layer, dropout and pruning. The…
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) usually use the same activation function, such as RELU, for all convolutional layers. There are performance limitations of just using RELU. In order to achieve better classification performance, reduce…
To enhance the nonlinearity of neural networks and increase their mapping abilities between the inputs and response variables, activation functions play a crucial role to model more complex relationships and patterns in the data. In this…
In recent years, deep neural networks (DNNs) achieved unprecedented performance in many low-level vision tasks. However, state-of-the-art results are typically achieved by very deep networks, which can reach tens of layers with tens of…
Convolutional neural networks have been successful in solving many socially important and economically significant problems. This ability to learn complex high-dimensional functions hierarchically can be attributed to the use of nonlinear…
The reason behind CNNs capability to learn high-dimensional complex features from the images is the non-linearity introduced by the activation function. Several advanced activation functions have been discovered to improve the training…
Learning automatically the best activation function for the task is an active topic in neural network research. At the moment, despite promising results, it is still difficult to determine a method for learning an activation function that…
The primary neural networks decision-making units are activation functions. Moreover, they evaluate the output of networks neural node; thus, they are essential for the performance of the whole network. Hence, it is critical to choose the…
Artificial Intelligence algorithms have been steadily increasing in popularity and usage. Deep Learning, allows neural networks to be trained using huge datasets and also removes the need for human extracted features, as it automates the…
Rectified linear activation units are important components for state-of-the-art deep convolutional networks. In this paper, we propose a novel S-shaped rectified linear activation unit (SReLU) to learn both convex and non-convex functions,…
Deep neural networks, particularly those employing Rectified Linear Units (ReLU), are often perceived as complex, high-dimensional, non-linear systems. This complexity poses a significant challenge to understanding their internal learning…
Convolutional neural network (CNN) has achieved impressive success in computer vision during the past few decades. The image convolution operation helps CNNs to get good performance on image-related tasks. However, the image convolution has…
Activation functions have been shown to affect the performance of deep neural networks significantly. While the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) remains the dominant choice in practice, the optimal activation function for deep neural networks…
Deep learning has become very popular for tasks such as predictive modeling and pattern recognition in handling big data. Deep learning is a powerful machine learning method that extracts lower level features and feeds them forward for the…
Most deep neural networks use simple, fixed activation functions, such as sigmoids or rectified linear units, regardless of domain or network structure. We introduce differential equation units (DEUs), an improvement to modern neural…
It is well accepted that convolutional neural networks play an important role in learning excellent features for image classification and recognition. However, in tradition they only allow adjacent layers connected, limiting integration of…