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We first show that the Traveling Salesman Problem in an n-vertex graph with average degree bounded by d can be solved in O*(2^{(1-\eps_d)n}) time and exponential space for a constant \eps_d depending only on d, where the O*-notation…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Marek Cygan , Marcin Pilipczuk

More than 40 years ago, Schroeppel and Shamir presented an algorithm that solves the Subset Sum problem for $n$ integers in time $O^*(2^{0.5n})$ and space $O^*(2^{0.25n})$. The time upper bound remains unbeaten, but the space upper bound…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Tatiana Belova , Nikolai Chukhin , Alexander S. Kulikov , Ivan Mihajlin

The "Subset Sum problem" is a very well-known NP-complete problem. In this work, a top-k variation of the "Subset Sum problem" is considered. This problem has wide application in recommendation systems, where instead of k best objects the k…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Biswajit Sanyal , Subhashis Majumder , Priya Ranjan Sinha Mahapatra

The Permutation Pattern Matching problem asks, given two permutations $\sigma$ on $n$ elements and $\pi$, whether $\sigma$ admits a subsequence with the same relative order as $\pi$ (or, in the counting version, how many such subsequences…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Pawel Gawrychowski , Mateusz Rzepecki

The worst-case fastest known algorithm for the Set Cover problem on universes with $n$ elements still essentially is the simple $O^*(2^n)$-time dynamic programming algorithm, and no non-trivial consequences of an $O^*(1.01^n)$-time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-12 Jesper Nederlof

To partition a sequence of n integers into subsets with prescribed sums is an NP-hard problem in general. In this paper we present an efficient solution for the homogeneous version of this problem; i.e. where the elements in each subset add…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-17 Alexander Büchel , Ulrich Gilleßen , Kurt-Ulrich Witt

This paper studies the problem of enumerating all maximal collinear subsets of size at least three in a given set of $n$ points. An algorithm for this problem, besides solving degeneracy testing and the exact fitting problem, can also help…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Ali Gholami Rudi , Raimi Ayinde Rufai

Vassilevska and Williams (STOC 2009) showed how to count simple paths on $k$ vertices and matchings on $k/2$ edges in an $n$-vertex graph in time $n^{k/2+O(1)}$. In the same year, two different algorithms with the same runtime were given by…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-08-17 Andreas Björklund , Petteri Kaski , Łukasz Kowalik

A fundamental problem in shape matching and geometric similarity is computing the maximum area overlap between two polygons under translation. For general simple polygons, the best-known algorithm runs in $O((nm)^2 \log(nm))$ time [Mount,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mikkel Abrahamsen , Sujoy Bhore , Maike Buchin , Jacobus Conradi , Ce Jin , André Nusser , Carolin Rehs

We present an $\mathcal{O}^\star(2^{0.5n})$ time and $\mathcal{O}^\star(2^{0.249999n})$ space randomized algorithm for solving worst-case Subset Sum instances with $n$ integers. This is the first improvement over the long-standing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Jesper Nederlof , Karol Węgrzycki

This paper describes an algorithm (thus far referred to as the "Dragonfly Algorithm") by which the subset-sum problem can be solved in $O(n^{11}\log(n))$ time complexity. The paper will first detail the generalized "product-derivative"…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Rion Tolchin

Consider positive integral solutions $x \in \mathbb{Z}^{n+1}$ to the equation $a_0 x_0 + \ldots + a_n x_n = t$. In the so called unbounded subset sum problem, the objective is to decide whether such a solution exists, whereas in the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Kim-Manuel Klein

The Pareto sum of two-dimensional point sets $P$ and $Q$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$ is defined as the skyline of the points in their Minkowski sum. The problem of efficiently computing the Pareto sum arises frequently in bi-criteria optimization…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Geri Gokaj , Marvin Künnemann , Sabine Storandt , Carina Truschel

We present a faster interior-point method for optimizing sum-of-squares (SOS) polynomials, which are a central tool in polynomial optimization and capture convex programming in the Lasserre hierarchy. Let $p = \sum_i q^2_i$ be an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-18 Shunhua Jiang , Bento Natura , Omri Weinstein

In this paper we provide algorithms faster than O*(2^n) for several NP-complete domination-type problems. More precisely, we provide: an algorithm for CAPACITATED DOMINATING SET that solves it in O(1.89^n), a branch-and-reduce algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-23 Marek Cygan , Marcin Pilipczuk , Jakub Onufry Wojtaszczyk

In the field of algorithmic analysis, one of the more well-known exercises is the subset sum problem. That is, given a set of integers, determine whether one or more integers in the set can sum to a target value. Aside from the brute-force…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Daniel Shea

Using hashing techniques, this paper develops a family of space-efficient Las Vegas randomized algorithms for $k$-SUM problems. This family includes an algorithm that can solve 3-SUM in $O(n^2)$ time and $O(\sqrt{n})$ space. It also…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-03-12 Joshua Wang

We present a polynomial time algorithm, which solves a nonstandard Variation of the well-known PARTITION-problem: Given positive integers $n, k$ and $t$ such that $t \geq n$ and $k \cdot t = {n+1 \choose 2}$, the algorithm partitions the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Alexander Büchel , Ulrich Gilleßen , Kurt-Ulrich Witt

For many hard computational problems, simple algorithms that run in time $2^n \cdot n^{O(1)}$ arise, say, from enumerating all subsets of a size-$n$ set. Finding (exponentially) faster algorithms is a natural goal that has driven much of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-06-30 László Kozma , Junqi Tan

This paper presents a new combinatorial optimisation task, the Subset Sum Matching Problem (SSMP), which is an abstraction of common financial applications such as trades reconciliation. We present three algorithms, two suboptimal and one…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Yufei Wu , Manuel R. Torres , Parisa Zehtabi , Alberto Pozanco Lancho , Michael Cashmore , Daniel Borrajo , Manuela Veloso