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Sequential Recommendation (SR) predicts users next interactions by modeling the temporal order of their historical behaviors. Existing approaches, including traditional sequential models and generative recommenders, achieve strong…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Sirui Huang , Jing Long , Qian Li , Guandong Xu , Qing Li

Causal inference with observational studies often relies on the assumptions of unconfoundedness and overlap of covariate distributions in different treatment groups. The overlap assumption is violated when some units have propensity scores…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-19 Shu Yang , Peng Ding

Non-terminal events can represent a meaningful change in a patient's life. Thus, better understanding and predicting their occurrence can bring valuable information to individuals. In a context where longitudinal markers could inform these…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-16 Juliette Ortholand , Stanley Durrleman , Sophie Tezenas du Montcel

We consider the problem of estimating and inferring treatment effects in randomized experiments. In practice, stratified randomization, or more generally, covariate-adaptive randomization, is routinely used in the design stage to balance…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-27 Hanzhong Liu , Fuyi Tu , Wei Ma

Randomized trials balance all covariates on average and provide the gold standard for estimating treatment effects. Chance imbalances nevertheless exist more or less in realized treatment allocations and intrigue an important question: what…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-18 Anqi Zhao , Peng Ding

A novel framework is proposed for handling the complex task of modelling and analysis of longitudinal, multivariate, heterogeneous clinical data. This method uses temporal abstraction to convert the data into a more appropriate form for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Annette Spooner , Gelareh Mohammadi , Perminder S. Sachdev , Henry Brodaty , Arcot Sowmya

Dynamic prediction of causal effects under different treatment regimes conditional on an individual's characteristics and longitudinal history is an essential problem in precision medicine. This is challenging in practice because outcomes…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-07 Yizhen Xu , Jisoo Kim , Laura K. Hummers , Ami A. Shah , Scott Zeger

This paper studies the estimation and inference of treatment effects in panel data settings when treatments change dynamically over time. We propose a balancing method that allows for (i) treatments to be assigned dynamically over time…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-24 Davide Viviano , Jelena Bradic

Extracting actionable insight from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) poses several challenges for traditional machine learning approaches. Patients are often missing data relative to each other; the data comes in a variety of modalities,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Brandon Malone , Alberto Garcia-Duran , Mathias Niepert

Finding interdependency relations between (possibly multivariate) time series provides valuable knowledge about the processes that generate the signals. Information theory sets a natural framework for non-parametric measures of several…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-09 German Gomez-Herrero , Wei Wu , Kalle Rutanen , Miguel C. Soriano , Gordon Pipa , Raul Vicente

High-dimensional data can be useful for causal inference by providing many confounders that may bolster the plausibility of the ignorability assumption. Propensity score methods are powerful tools for causal inference, are popular in health…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-10 Jacob Spertus , Sharon-Lise Normand

We consider the problem of efficient inference of the Average Treatment Effect in a sequential experiment where the policy governing the assignment of subjects to treatment or control can change over time. We first provide a central limit…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-05 Thomas Cook , Alan Mishler , Aaditya Ramdas

Understanding time-dependent blood flow dynamics in arteries is crucial for diagnosing and treating cardiovascular diseases. However, accurately predicting time-varying flow patterns requires integrating observational data with…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-01-09 Muhammad Adnan Anwar , Jorge Tiago

Estimating causal effects from randomized experiments is central to clinical research. Reducing the statistical uncertainty in these analyses is an important objective for statisticians. Registries, prior trials, and health records…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-06 Alejandro Schuler , David Walsh , Diana Hall , Jon Walsh , Charles Fisher

This paper extends my research applying statistical decision theory to treatment choice with sample data, using maximum regret to evaluate the performance of treatment rules. The specific new contribution is to study as-if optimization…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-10-05 Charles F. Manski

Background. Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) are characterized by multiple and progressive anatomo clinical changes. Yet, modeling changes over disease course from cohort data is challenging as the usual timescales are…

Combining data from various sources empowers researchers to explore innovative questions, for example those raised by conducting healthcare monitoring studies. However, the lack of a unique identifier often poses challenges. Record linkage…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-16 Kayané Robach , Stéphanie L van der Pas , Mark A van de Wiel , Michel H Hof

Data analysis based on information from several sources is common in economic and biomedical studies. This setting is often referred to as the data fusion problem, which differs from traditional missing data problems since no complete data…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-07 Wei Li , Shanshan Luo , Wangli Xu

This article studies the estimation of the causal effect of a time-varying treatment on time-to-an-event or on some other continuously distributed outcome. The paper applies to the situation where treatment is repeatedly adapted to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-06-19 Judith J. Lok

To answer questions of "causes of effects", the probability of necessity is introduced for assessing whether or not an observed outcome was caused by an earlier treatment. However, the statistical inference for probability of necessity is…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-14 Ping Zhang , Ruoyu Wang , Wang Miao