Related papers: Axonal Computations
Neurons integrate synaptic inputs and convert them to action potential output at electrically distant locations. The computational power of a neuron is hence enhanced by subcellular compartmentalization and nonlinear synaptic integration,…
During neurodevelopment, neuronal axons navigate through the extracellular environment, guided by various cues to establish connections with distant target cells. Among other factors, axon trajectories are influenced by heterogeneities in…
Biological signaling is imagined as a combination of activation and transport. The former is triggered by local molecular interactions and the latter is the result of molecular diffusion. However, other fundamental physical principles of…
Local anaxonic neurons with graded potential release are important ingredients of nervous systems, present in the olfactory bulb system of mammalians, in the human visual system, as well as in arthropods and nematodes. We develop a neuronal…
This article highlights specific features of biological neurons and their dendritic trees, whose adoption may help advance artificial neural networks used in various machine learning applications. Advancements could take the form of…
Bio-inspired computing has focused on neuron and synapses with great success. However, the connections between these, the dendrites, also play an important role. In this paper, we investigate the motivation for replicating dendritic…
Biological nervous systems consist of networks of diverse, sophisticated information processors in the form of neurons of different classes. In most artificial neural networks (ANNs), neural computation is abstracted to an activation…
Dynamics play a critical role in computation. The principled evolution of states over time enables both biological and artificial networks to represent and integrate information to make decisions. In the past few decades, significant…
Despite great advances in explaining synaptic plasticity and neuron function, a complete understanding of the brain's learning algorithms is still missing. Artificial neural networks provide a powerful learning paradigm through the…
This work proposes a two-dimensional electrophysiological model for describing neuronal responses to external electric stimuli under patch-clamped conditions. Our proposed model successfully captures the key features of the Hodgkin-Huxley…
Neuronal circuits arise as axons and dendrites extend, navigate, and connect to target cells. Axonal growth, in particular, integrates deterministic guidance from substrate mechanics and geometry with stochastic fluctuations generated by…
The organization of the axonal cytoskeleton is a key determinant of the normal function of an axon, which is a long thin projection away from a neuron. Under normal conditions two axonal cytoskeletal polymers microtubules and neurofilaments…
Human brain contains about 10 billion neurons, each of which has about 10~10,000 nerve endings from which neurotransmitters are released in response to incoming spikes, and the released neurotransmitters then bind to receptors located in…
Electrical signals play the primary role in rapid communication among organs, tissues and cells in biosystems. We have analyzed and discussed three phenomena of electrical communication in biosystems, including direction-changing movement…
Neural connectivity at the cellular and mesoscopic level appears very specific and is presumed to arise from highly specific developmental mechanisms. However, there are general shared features of connectivity in systems as different as the…
Computations on the dendritic trees of neurons have important constraints. Voltage dependent conductances in dendrites are not similar to arbitrary direct-current generation, they are the basis for dendritic nonlinearities and they do not…
A fundamental function of cortical circuits is the integration of information from different sources to form a reliable basis for behavior. While animals behave as if they optimally integrate information according to Bayesian probability…
Early brain connectivity development consists of multiple stages: birth of neurons, their migration and the subsequent growth of axons and dendrites. Each stage occurs within a certain period of time depending on types of neurons and…
Living systems, from single cells to higher vertebrates, receive a continuous stream of non-stationary inputs that they sense, e.g., via cell surface receptors or sensory organs. Integrating these time-varying, multi-sensory, and often…
In this paper the authors extend [1] and provide more details of how the brain may act like a quantum computer. In particular, positing the difference between voltages on two axons as the environment for ions undergoing spatial…