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In this manuscript, we provide a comprehensive study of gravitational lensing by dark compact objects predicted by a Modified Gravity (MOG) based on the Scalar-Vector-Tensor action, and the aim is to analyze new insights into the nature of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-07 Nagina Rehman , Zoe C. S. Chan , Mubasher Jamil , Mustapha Azreg-Aïnou

As an alternative to dark matter models, MOdified Gravity (MOG) theory can compensate for dark matter by a covariant modification of Einstein gravity. The theory introduces two additional scalar fields and one vector field. The aim is to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-16 J. W. Moffat , S. Rahvar

We study the strong gravitational lensing effect around rotating black holes in different gravity theories. By calculating the deflection angle of strong gravitational lensing, we evaluate the lensing observables including the image…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-20 Xiao-Mei Kuang , Zi-Yu Tang , Bin Wang , Anzhong Wang

In this paper, we investigate the dynamic phenomenological signatures of a Schwarzschild-MOG black hole shadow perturbed by passing gravitational waves. By perturbing the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for photon null geodesics, we demonstrate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-04 Nikko John Leo S. Lobos , Emmanuel T. Rodulfo

We examine the gravitational lensing signatures of a Hayward-like regular black hole and its potential observational distinction from a Schwarzschild black hole. In the weak-field limit, the deflection angle includes a small positive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-17 Chen-Hung Hsiao , Limei Yuan , Yidun Wan

The deflection angle of Kerr-MOG black holes is studied for different values of the parameter in modified gravity (MOG). To this end, we employ the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, which was first studied by Gibbons and Werner and then extended by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-10-29 Ali Övgün , İzzet Sakallı , Joel Saavedra

We investigate the gravitational lensing effects of a static spherically symmetric black hole (BH) within the framework of the revised Deser-Woodard (D-W) nonlocal gravity. By analyzing the deflection angle in both the weak and strong field…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-26 Haida Li , Xiangdong Zhang

A modified Hayward black hole is a nonsingular black hole. It is proposed to form when the pressure generated by quantum gravity can stop matter's collapse as the matter reaches Planck density. Strong deflection gravitational lensing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-05-02 Shan-Shan Zhao , Yi Xie

We investigate the behavior of the regular modified gravity (MOG) static spherically symmetric black hole (BH) under massless scalar perturbation, gravitational perturbation, and massless Dirac perturbation. The dimensionless parameter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-18 Ahmad Al-Badawi

The field equations for Scalar-Tensor-Vector-Gravity (STVG) or modified gravity (MOG) have a static, spherically symmetric black hole solution determined by the mass $M$ with two horizons. The strength of the gravitational constant is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-05 J. W. Moffat

The shadows cast by non-rotating and rotating modified gravity (MOG) black holes are determined by the two parameters mass $M$ and angular momentum $J=Ma$. The sizes of the shadows cast by the spherically symmetric static Schwarzschild-MOG…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-26 J. W. Moffat

The gravitational lensing of relativistic and nonrelativistic neutral massive particles in the black-bounce-Schwarzschild black hole spacetime is investigated in the strong deflection limit. Beginning with the explicit equations of motion…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-05 Guansheng He , Jiaxu Huang , Zhongwen Feng , Ghulam Mustafa , Wenbin Lin

A covariant modified gravity (MOG) is formulated by adding to general relativity two new degrees of freedom, a scalar field gravitational coupling strength $G= 1/\chi$ and a gravitational spin 1 vector field $\phi_\mu$. The $G$ is written…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-17 J. W. Moffat

Recently, a non-trivial $4D$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) theory of gravity, by rescaling the GB coupling parameter as $\alpha/(D-4)$, was formulated in \cite{Glavan:2019inb}, which bypasses Lovelock's theorem and avoids Ostrogradsky…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-17 Shafqat Ul Islam , Rahul Kumar , Sushant G. Ghosh

In this paper, we investigate the strong gravitational lensing effects and optical appearances around a spherically symmetric regular black hole, whose metric is derived from a non-singular collapsing dust ball model in asymptotically safe…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-02 Xiao-Jun Gao

We investigate the strong gravitational lensing phenomena caused by a black hole with a dark matter halo. In this study, we examine strong gravitational lensing with two significant dark matter models: the universal rotation curve model and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-03 Niyaz Uddin Molla , Himanshu Chaudhary , Dhruv Arora , Farruh Atamurotov , Ujjal Debnath , G. Mustafa

We investigate the impact of the modified gravity (MOG) field and the quintessence scalar field on horizon evolution, black hole (BH) shadow and the weak gravitational lensing around a static spherically symmetric BH. We first begin to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-24 Ahmad Al-Badawi , Sanjar Shaymatov , Mirzabek Alloqulov , Anzhong Wang

Adopting the strong field limit approach, we investigated the strong gravitational lensing in a Brane-World black hole, which means that the strong field limit coefficients and the deflection angle in this gravitational field are obtained.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-30 GuoPing Li , Biao Cao , Zhongwen Feng , Xiaotao Zu

We investigate strong gravitational lensing by two static black hole models (Model-1 and Model-2) within the Effective Quantum Gravity (EQG) framework, characterized by mass $M$ and parameter $\zeta$. For $\zeta = 0$, they reduce to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-17 Yiyang Wang , Amnish Vachher , Qiang Wu , Tao Zhu , Sushant G. Ghosh

In this work, gravitational lensing in the weak and strong field limits is investigated for black hole spacetime within the framework of Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ gravity. We employ the Ishihara et al. approach for weak lensing and adopt Bozza's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Gayatri Mohan , Nashiba Parbin , Umananda Dev Goswami
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