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The observation of a kilonova AT2017gfo associated with the gravitational wave event GW170817 provides the first strong evidence that neutron star mergers are dominant contributors to the production of heavy $r$-process elements.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-23 Meng-Hua Chen , Li-Xin Li , En-Wei Liang

The observation by the BATSE instrument on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are distributed isotropically around the Earth but nonuniformly in distance has led to the widespread conclusion that GRBs are most…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 S. E. Thorsett

We present simulated observations to assess the ability of LSST and the WFD survey to detect and characterize kilonovae - the optical emission associated with binary neutron star (and possibly black hole - neutron star) mergers. We expand…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-04-03 P. S. Cowperthwaite , V. A. Villar , D. M. Scolnic , E. Berger

We explore the multi-messenger signatures of encounters between two neutron stars and between a neutron star and a stellar-mass black hole. We focus on the differences between gravitational wave driven binary mergers and dynamical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-04 S. Rosswog , T. Piran , E. Nakar

The observations of a macronova/kilonova accompanied by gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger (GW170817) confirmed that neutron star coalescences produce copious ejecta. The coincident gamma-ray detection implies the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-29 Shigeo S. Kimura , Kohta Murase , Imre Bartos , Kunihito Ioka , Ik Siong Heng , Peter Mészáros

The merging of a binary system involving two neutron stars (NSs), or a black hole (BH) and a NS, often results in the emission of an electromagnetic (EM) transient. One component of this EM transient is the epic explosion known as a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-20 Lowri Wyn Prys Mathias , Francesco Di Clemente , Mattia Bulla , Alessandro Drago

When two Neutron Stars collide a multi-band electromagnetic emission, known as Kilonova (KN), follows being powered by the radioactive decay of ejecta products. In this contribution we discuss how the equation of state of dense matter,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-28 D. Barba-González , M. Ángeles Pérez-García

Mergers of neutron stars (NS+NS) or neutron stars and stellar mass black holes (NS+BS) eject a small fraction of matter with a sub-relativistic velocity. Upon rapid decompression nuclear density medium condenses into neutron rich nuclei,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Li-Xin Li , Bohdan Paczyński

The ejecta from binary neutron star mergers, which powers its associated kilonova, can inform us about source properties, merger dynamics, and the dense nuclear matter equation of state. While now in the era of multi-messenger astronomy, we…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-08 Amelia Henkel , Francois Foucart , Selah Melfor , Samaya Nissanke , Alexandra Wernersson , Uddipta Bhardwaj

Supernova explosions are one of the most energetic--and potentially lethal--phenomena in the Universe. Scientists have speculated for decades about the possible consequences for life on Earth of a nearby supernova, but plausible candidates…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Narciso Benitez , Jesus Maiz-Apellaniz , Matilde Canelles

The first neutron star (NS) merger observed by advanced LIGO and Virgo, GW170817, and its fireworks of electromagnetic counterparts across the entire electromagnetic spectrum marked the beginning of multi-messenger astronomy and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-12-24 Daniel M. Siegel

Cosmic collisions on planets cause detectable optical flashes that range from terrestrial shooting stars to bright fireballs. On June 3, 2010 a bolide in Jupiter's atmosphere was simultaneously observed from the Earth by two amateur…

The Gerasimova-Zatsepin effect of collisions of ultra-high-energy cosmic ray nuclei with photons emitted by the sun may cause two simultaneous air showers on Earth. This effect is simulated using the full energy spectrum of solar photons,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-09-13 J. V. R. van Eijden , S. J. de Jong , C. J. W. P. Timmermans

The recent discovery of the neutron star merger and multi-messenger event GW170817 (also known as kilonova GRB170817A) provides an unprecedented laboratory in which to study these mysterious objects, as well as an opportunity to test…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-01-01 Samar Safi-Harb , Neil Doerksen , Adam Rogers , Chris L. Fryer

Collisions of atomic nuclei at relativistic velocities allow to recreate the conditions encountered in neutron stars or in the early universe micro-seconds after the Big Bang. These reactions are performed in today's largest accelerator…

Popular Physics · Physics 2022-01-04 Hannah Vormann , Tom Reichert , Christian Spieles , Jan Steinheimer , Marcus Bleicher

We have estimated the number flux of of mu-neutrinos which are produced due to the hadronic interactions between the cosmic rays coming from a neutron star and the matter in a companion star. The event rate at 1 km^2 detectors of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Nagataki

Matter effects on neutrino oscillations in both, a supernova and the Earth, change the observed supernova neutrino spectra. We calculate the expected number of supernova neutrino interactions for ICARUS, SK and SNO detectors as a function…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Bekman , J. Holeczek , J. Kisiel

Low-energy neutrinos are clean messengers from supernovae explosions and probably carry unique insights into the process of stellar evolution. We estimate the expected number of events considering coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-12-22 Ana Luisa Foguel , Eduardo Souza Fraga , Carla Bonifazi

Supernovae (SNe), the luminous explosions of stars, were observed since antiquity, with typical peak luminosity not exceeding 1.2x10^{43} erg/s (absolute magnitude >-19.5 mag). It is only in the last dozen years that numerous examples of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Avishay Gal-Yam

We consider the final evolutionary stages of a neutron star-black hole pair. According to the current paradigm, such systems eventually coalesce, which in some cases is accompanied by neutron-star tidal disruption. Using analytical methods,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-17 Nikita Kramarev , Alexander Kuranov , Andrey Yudin , Konstantin Postnov