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Related papers: Pandora's Problem with Nonobligatory Inspection

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Weitzman introduced Pandora's box problem as a mathematical model of sequential search with inspection costs, in which a searcher is allowed to select a prize from one of $n$ alternatives. Several decades later, Doval introduced a close…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Hedyeh Beyhaghi , Linda Cai

Weitzman (1979) introduced the Pandora Box problem as a model for sequential search with inspection costs, and gave an elegant index-based policy that attains provably optimal expected payoff. In various scenarios, the searching agent may…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Hu Fu , Jiawei Li , Daogao Liu

The Pandora's box problem (Weitzman 1979) is a core model in economic theory that captures an agent's (Pandora's) search for the best alternative (box). We study an important generalization of the problem where the agent can either fully…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Ali Aouad , Jingwei Ji , Yaron Shaposhnik

Pandora's problem is a fundamental model in economics that studies optimal search strategies under costly inspection. In this paper we initiate the study of Pandora's problem with combinatorial costs, capturing many real-life scenarios…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Ben Berger , Tomer Ezra , Michal Feldman , Federico Fusco

The Pandora's Box Problem, originally formalized by Weitzman in 1979, models selection from set of random, alternative options, when evaluation is costly. This includes, for example, the problem of hiring a skilled worker, where only one…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Shant Boodaghians , Federico Fusco , Philip Lazos , Stefano Leonardi

We consider search problems with nonobligatory inspection and single-item or combinatorial selection. A decision maker is presented with a number of items, each of which contains an unknown price, and can pay an inspection cost to observe…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Ziv Scully , Laura Doval

In a classic model analysed by Weitzman an agent is presented with boxes containing prizes. She may open boxes in any order, discover prizes within, and optimally stop. She wishes to maximize the expected value of the greatest prize found,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-10-01 Wojciech Olszewski , Richard Weber

Pandora's Box is a fundamental stochastic optimization problem, where the decision-maker must find a good alternative while minimizing the search cost of exploring the value of each alternative. In the original formulation, it is assumed…

Pandora's Box is a central problem in decision making under uncertainty that can model various real life scenarios. In this problem we are given $n$ boxes, each with a fixed opening cost, and an unknown value drawn from a known…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Evangelia Gergatsouli , Christos Tzamos

The Pandora's Box problem models the search for the best alternative when evaluation is costly. In the simplest variant, a decision maker is presented with $n$ boxes, each associated with a cost of inspection and a hidden random reward. The…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Georgios Amanatidis , Ben Berger , Tomer Ezra , Michal Feldman , Federico Fusco , Rebecca Reiffenhäuser , Artem Tsikiridis

We revisit the classic Pandora's Box (PB) problem under correlated distributions on the box values. Recent work of arXiv:1911.01632 obtained constant approximate algorithms for a restricted class of policies for the problem that visit boxes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Shuchi Chawla , Evangelia Gergatsouli , Jeremy McMahan , Christos Tzamos

We consider online variations of the Pandora's box problem (Weitzman. 1979), a standard model for understanding issues related to the cost of acquiring information for decision-making. Our problem generalizes both the classic Pandora's box…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Hossein Esfandiari , MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi , Brendan Lucier , Michael Mitzenmacher

The Pandora's Box problem and its extensions capture optimization problems with stochastic input where the algorithm can obtain instantiations of input random variables at some cost. To our knowledge, all previous work on this class of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Shuchi Chawla , Evangelia Gergatsouli , Yifeng Teng , Christos Tzamos , Ruimin Zhang

Two central problems in Stochastic Optimization are Min Sum Set Cover and Pandora's Box. In Pandora's Box, we are presented with $n$ boxes, each containing an unknown value and the goal is to open the boxes in some order to minimize the sum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Evangelia Gergatsouli , Christos Tzamos

We study a fundamental stochastic selection problem involving $n$ independent random variables, each of which can be queried at some cost. Given a tolerance level $\delta$, the goal is to find a value that is $\delta$-approximately minimum…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Hessa Al-Thani , Viswanath Nagarajan

A decisionmaker faces $n$ alternatives, each of which represents a potential reward. After investing costly resources into investigating the alternatives, the decisionmaker may select one, or more generally a feasible subset, and obtain the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Robin Bowers , Elias Lindgren , Bo Waggoner

We develop an algorithmic framework to incorporate "ex-ante" constraints on outcomes (that hold only on average) into stateful sequential search with costly inspection. Our framework encompasses the classical Weitzman's Pandora's box…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Mohammad Reza Aminian , Vahideh Manshadi , Rad Niazadeh

In sequential search, alternatives are tested until the true class is found. Standard proper scoring rules like log loss are local, ignoring the ranking of competitors and misaligning model evaluation with search utility. We show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Gerardo A. Flores , Yash Deshpande , Jannis R. Brea , Ashia C. Wilson

We study algorithms for average-cost reinforcement learning problems with value function approximation. Our starting point is the recently proposed POLITEX algorithm, a version of policy iteration where the policy produced in each iteration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Yasin Abbasi-Yadkori , Nevena Lazic , Csaba Szepesvari , Gellert Weisz

In 1979, Weitzman introduced Pandora's box problem as a framework for sequential search with costly inspections. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in Pandora's box problem, particularly among researchers working at the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Hedyeh Beyhaghi , Linda Cai
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