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We present a new global model of the solar corona, including the low corona, the transition region and the top of chromosphere. The realistic 3D magnetic field is simulated using the data from the photospheric magnetic field measurements.…

The Sun's axisymmetric flows, differential rotation and meridional flow, govern the dynamics of the solar magnetic cycle and variety of methods are used to measure these flows, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. Flow measurements…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-08 Sushant S. Mahajan , David H. Hathaway , Andrés Muñoz-Jaramillo , Petrus C. Martens

Reconnection between pairs of solar magnetic flux elements, one open and the other a closed loop, is theorised to be a crucial process for both maintaining the structure of the corona and producing the solar wind. This 'interchange…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-04 Allan R Macneil , Mathew J Owens , Laura Berčič , Adam J Finley

Solar flares are driven by release of free magnetic energy and often associated with restructurization of the magnetic field topology. Yet, observations of evolving magnetic field in the flaring volume are limited to very few cases…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-18 Gregory D. Fleishman , Tatyana Kaltman , Sijie Yu

During the solar cycle, the Sun's magnetic field polarity reverses due to the emergence, cancellation, and advection of magnetic flux towards the rotational poles. Flux emergence events occasionally cluster together, although it is unclear…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-04 Adam J. Finley

Optical observations of solar corona provide key information on its magnetic geometry. The large-scale open field of the corona plays an important role in shaping the ambient solar wind and constraining the propagation dynamics of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-19 Vadim M. Uritsky , Christopher E. Rura , Cooper Downs , Shaela I. Jones , Charles Nickolos Arge , Nathalia Alzate

The magnetic field plays an essential role in the initiation and evolution of different solar phenomena in the corona. The structure and evolution of the 3D coronal magnetic field are still not very well known. A way to get the 3D structure…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-31 Iulia Chifu , Ricardo Gafeira

Self-organization properties of sustained magnetized plasma are applied to selected solar data to understand solar magnetic fields. Torsional oscillations are speed-up and slow-down bands of the azimuthal flow that correlate with the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-26 T. R. Jarboe , T. E. Benedett , C. J. Everson , C. J. Hansen , A. C. Hossack , K. D. Morgan , B. A. Nelson , J. M. Penna , D. A. Sutherland

The interaction of magnetic fields and stratified convection was studied in the context of the solar and late type stellar dynamos by using numerical 3D MHD simulations. The topology of stratified asymmetric and over-turning convection…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bertil Dorch , Aake Nordlund

The energy that heats the magnetically closed solar corona originates in the complex motions of the massive photosphere. Turbulent photospheric convection slowly displaces the footpoints of coronal field lines, causing them to become…

The solar wind consists of continuous streams of charged particles that escape into the heliosphere from the Sun, and is split into fast and slow components, with the fast wind emerging from the interiors of coronal holes. Near the ecliptic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-28 L. P. Chitta , D. B. Seaton , C. Downs , C. E. DeForest , A. K. Higginson

High-resolution solar observations have revealed the existence of small-scale vortices, as seen in chromospheric intensity maps and velocity diagnostics. Frequently, these vortices have been observed near magnetic flux concentrations,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-01 S. M. Díaz-Castillo , C. E. Fischer , R. Rezaei , O. Steiner , S. Berdyugina

How and where are coronal loops rooted in the solar lower atmosphere? The details of the magnetic environment and its evolution at the footpoints of coronal loops are crucial to understanding the processes of mass and energy supply to the…

Parker's magnetostatic theorem extended to astrophysical magnetofluids with large magnetic Reynolds number supports ceaseless regeneration of current sheets and hence, spontaneous magnetic reconnections recurring in time. Consequently, a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-20 Sanjay Kumar , R. Bhattacharyya , Bhuwan Joshi , P. K. Smolarkiewicz

We investigate the transition of the solar wind turbulent cascade from MHD to sub-ion range by means of a detail comparison between in situ observations and hybrid numerical simulations. In particular we focus on the properties of the…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-09-01 L. Matteini , L. Franci , O. Alexandrova , C. Lacombe , S. Landi , P. Hellinger , E. Papini , A. Verdini

We present an updated global model of the solar corona, including the transition region. We simulate the realistic tree-dimensional (3D) magnetic field using the data from the photospheric magnetic field measurements and assume the…

Damped transverse oscillations of magnetic loops are routinely observed in the solar corona. This phenomenon is interpreted as standing kink magnetohydrodynamic waves, which are damped by resonant absorption owing to plasma inhomogeneity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-28 Roberto Soler , Manuel Luna

Current models of the solar wind must approximate (or ignore) the small-scale dynamics within the solar atmosphere, however these are likely important in shaping the emerging wave-turbulence spectrum and ultimately heating/accelerating the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-28 Adam J. Finley , Sacha A. Brun , Mats Carlsson , Mikolaj Szydlarski , Viggo Hansteen , Munehito Shoda

Two of the most widely observed and yet most puzzling features of the Sun's magnetic field are coronal loops that are smooth and laminar and prominences/filaments that are strongly sheared. These two features would seem to be quite…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-25 Kalman J. Knizhnik , Spiro K. Antiochos , C. Richard DeVore

Magnetic fields generated in the Sun's interior by the solar dynamo mechanism drive solar activity over a range of time-scales. While space-based observations of the Sun's corona exist only for few decades, direct sunspot observations exist…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-03 Soumyaranjan Dash , Dibyendu Nandy , Ilya Usoskin