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An unknown-position sensor can be localized if there are three or more anchors making time-of-arrival (TOA) measurements of a signal from it. However, the location errors can be very large due to the fact that some of the measurements are…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Hongyang Chen , Kenneth W. K. Lui , Zizhuo Wang , H. C. So , H. Vincent Poor

Time-of-arrival (TOA)-based localization in mixed line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments is challenging because conventional Euclidean range models do not capture diffraction-dominated propagation. We show that the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Gaurav Duggal , Richard M. Buehrer , Harpreet S. Dhillon , Jeffrey H. Reed

We investigate localization of a source based on angle of arrival (AoA) measurements made at a geographically dispersed network of cooperating receivers. The goal is to efficiently compute accurate estimates despite outliers in the AoA…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2012-06-19 Bharath Ananthasubramaniam , Upamanyu Madhow

The future 5G networks are expected to use millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands to take advantage of large unused spectrum. However, due to the high path loss at mmWave frequencies, coverage of mmWave signals can get severely reduced,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-14 Wahab Khawaja , Ozgur Ozdemir , Yavuz Yapici , Fatih Erden , Martins Ezuma , Ismail Guvenc

In the millimeter waves (mmWave) bands considered for 5G and beyond, the use of very high frequencies results in the interruption of communication whenever there is no line of sight between the transmitter and the receiver. Blockages have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Cristian García Ruiz , Antonio Pascual-Iserte , Olga Muñoz-Medina

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging is a rapidly growing field seeking to form images of objects outside the field of view, with potential applications in search and rescue, reconnaissance, and even medical imaging. The critical challenge of…

Anomaly localization in images -- identifying regions that deviate from normal patterns -- is vital in applications such as medical diagnosis and industrial inspection. A recent trend is the use of image generation models in anomaly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-28 Teruyuki Katsuoka , Tomohiro Shiraishi , Daiki Miwa , Vo Nguyen Le Duy , Ichiro Takeuchi

Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) propagation condition is a crucial factor affecting the precision of the localization in the Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Indoor Positioning System (IPS). Numerous supervised Machine Learning (ML) approaches have been…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-24 Fuhu Che , Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed , Jaron Fontaine , Ben Van Herbruggen , Adnan Shahid , Eli De Poorter , Pavlos I. Lazaridis

Accurate localization of non-cooperative signal sources in non-line-of-sight (NLoS) environments remains a critical challenge with a wide range of applications, including autonomous navigation, industrial automation, and emergency response.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-05 Xiucheng Wang , Qiming Zhang , Nan Cheng

Most prior work on performance analysis of ultra-dense cellular networks (UDNs) has considered standard power-law path loss models and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation modeled by Rayleigh fading. The effect of line-of-sight (LOS) on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Jesús Arnau , Italo Atzeni , Marios Kountouris

The emulation of wireless nodes spatial position is a practice used by deployment engineers and network planners to analyze the characteristics of a network. In particular, nodes geolocation will directly impact factors such as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-06-06 Mouhamed Abdulla , Yousef R. Shayan

This paper develops a stochastic geometry-based approach for the modeling and analysis of finite millimeter wave (mmWave) wireless networks where a random number of transmitters and receivers are randomly located inside a finite region. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Seyed Mohammad Azimi-Abarghouyi , Behrooz Makki , Masoumeh Nasiri-Kenari , Tommy Svensson

The millimeter-wave (mmWave)-based Wi-Fi sensing technology has recently attracted extensive attention since it provides a possibility to realize higher sensing accuracy. However, current works mainly concentrate on sensing scenarios where…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Shiwen He , Kangli Cai , Shiyue Huang , Zhenyu Anz , Wei Huang , Ning Gao

Passive reflectors mitigate millimeter-wave (mmwave) link blockages by extending coverage to non-line-ofsight (NLoS) regions. However, their deployment often leads to irregular reflected beam patterns and coverage gaps. This results in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Omar Ibrahim , Raj Sai Sohel Bandari , Mohammed E. Eltayeb

mm-waves are envisaged as key enabler for 5G and 6G wireless communications, thanks to the wider bandwidth and to the possibility of implementing large-scale antenna arrays and new advanced transmission techniques, such as massive MIMO and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-14 Leonardo Possenti , Marina Barbiroli , Enrico M. Vitucci , Franco Fuschini , Mattia Fosci , Vittorio Degli-Esposti

Vehicular visible light communication (V-VLC) aims to provide secure complementary vehicle to everything communications (V2X) to increase road safety and traffic efficiency. V-VLC provides directional transmissions, mainly enabling…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-23 Bugra Turan , Omer Narmanlioglu , Osman Nuri Koc , Emrah Kar , Sinem Coleri , Murat Uysal

Existing detection methods commonly use a parameterized bounding box (BBox) to model and detect (horizontal) objects and an additional rotation angle parameter is used for rotated objects. We argue that such a mechanism has fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Xue Yang , Gefan Zhang , Xiaojiang Yang , Yue Zhou , Wentao Wang , Jin Tang , Tao He , Junchi Yan

Weak lensing experiments are a powerful probe of cosmology through their measurement of the mass distribution of the universe. A challenge for this technique is to control systematic errors that occur when measuring the shapes of distant…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Alexandre Refregier , Tomasz Kacprzak , Adam Amara , Sarah Bridle , Barnaby Rowe

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) sensing has the potential to enable use cases like intrusion detection in occluded areas, increasing the value provided by Integrated Sensing and Commu- nications (ISAC) in future 6G cellular networks. In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Paolo Tosi , Maximilian Bauhofer , Marcus Henninger , Laurent Schmalen , Silvio Mandelli

In this paper, a new mathematical framework to the analysis of millimeter wave cellular networks is introduced. Its peculiarity lies in considering realistic path-loss and blockage models, which are derived from recently reported…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Marco Di Renzo