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Improving statistical forecasts of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity is limited by complex nonlinear interactions and difficulty in identifying relevant predictors. Conventional methods prioritize correlation or fit, often overlooking…

Because geostationary satellite (Geo) imagery provides a high temporal resolution window into tropical cyclone (TC) behavior, we investigate the viability of its application to short-term probabilistic forecasts of TC convective structure…

Applications · Statistics 2023-04-11 Trey McNeely , Pavel Khokhlov , Niccolo Dalmasso , Kimberly M. Wood , Ann B. Lee

Tropical cyclones (TC) are among the most destructive natural disasters, causing catastrophic damage to coastal regions through extreme winds, heavy rainfall, and storm surges. Timely monitoring of tropical cyclones is crucial for reducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jiakang Shen , Qinghui Chen , Runtong Wang , Chenrui Xu , Jinglin Zhang , Cong Bai , Feng Zhang

Accurate forecasting of Tropical cyclone (TC) intensity is crucial for formulating disaster risk reduction strategies. Current methods predominantly rely on limited spatiotemporal information from ERA5 data and neglect the causal…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-02-22 Xinyu Wang , Kang Chen , Lei Liu , Tao Han , Bin Li , Lei Bai

Short-term forecasting is an important tool in understanding environmental processes. In this paper, we incorporate machine learning algorithms into a conditional distribution estimator for the purposes of forecasting tropical cyclone…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-19 David B. Huberman , Brian J. Reich , Howard D. Bondell

The forecast of tropical cyclone trajectories is crucial for the protection of people and property. Although forecast dynamical models can provide high-precision short-term forecasts, they are computationally demanding, and current…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-01-13 Sophie Giffard-Roisin , Mo Yang , Guillaume Charpiat , Christina Kumler-Bonfanti , Balázs Kégl , Claire Monteleoni

The prediction skill of a numerical model can be enhanced by calibrating the sensitive parameters that significantly influence the model forecast. The objective of the present study is to improve the prediction of surface wind speed and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-06-03 Harish Baki , Sandeep Chinta , C. Balaji , Balaji Srinivasan

Machine learning (ML) models are successful with weather forecasting and have shown progress in climate simulations, yet leveraging them for useful climate predictions needs exploration. Here we show this feasibility using Neural General…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-07-18 Gan Zhang , Megha Rao , Janni Yuval , Ming Zhao

The influence of climate variability and global warming on the occurrence of tropical cyclones (TC) is a controversial issue. Existing historical databases on the subject are not fully reliable, but a more fundamental hindrance is the lack…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2009-10-02 Albert Osso , Alvaro Corral , J. E. Llebot

Deep learning-based tropical cyclone (TC) forecasting methods have demonstrated significant potential and application advantages, as they feature much lower computational cost and faster operation speed than numerical weather prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Qixiang Li , Yuan Zhou , Shuwei Huo , Chong Wang , Xiaofeng Li

Tropical cyclone (TC) forecasting is crucial for disaster preparedness and mitigation. While recent deep learning approaches have shown promise, existing methods often treat TC evolution as a series of independent frame-to-frame…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zhibo Ren , Pritthijit Nath , Pancham Shukla

Accurate forecasting of tropical cyclones (TCs) remains challenging due to limited satellite observations probing TC structure and difficulties in resolving cloud properties involved in TC intensification. Recent research has demonstrated…

We explore hurricane and ocean reanalysis data to understand how rapid intensification (RI) of tropical cyclones is impacted by the upper ocean density structure, with an emphasis on barrier layer (BL) thickness and thermocline depth in the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 F. J. Beron-Vera , G. Bonner , M. J. Olascoaga , S. Dong , H. Lopez

Tropical cyclone (TC) trajectories are governed by large-scale steering flows with sensitive dependence on initial conditions, raising the question of whether targeted perturbations can induce track deviations. We present a case study…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Qin Huang , Moyan Liu , Yeongbin Kwon , Upmanu Lall

The generation of synthetic tropical cyclone(TC) tracks for risk assessment is a critical application of preparedness for the impacts of climate change and disaster relief, particularly in North America. Insurance companies use these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Shouwei Gao , Meiyan Gao , Yuepeng Li , Wenqian Dong

Tropical cyclones (TCs) pose severe threats to life, infrastructure, and economies in tropical and subtropical regions, underscoring the critical need for accurate and timely forecasts of both track and intensity. Recent advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Peisong Niu , Haifan Zhang , Yang Zhao , Tian Zhou , Ziqing Ma , Wenqiang Shen , Junping Zhao , Huiling Yuan , Liang Sun

Intensification of tropical storms measured as the central pressure tendency represents a subtle imbalance, of the order of $10^{-3}$, between the inflow and outflow of air in the storm core. Factors driving this imbalance, especially in…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-01-30 Anastassia M. Makarieva , Andrei V. Nefiodov

Rapid intensification (RI) of tropical cyclones (TCs) provides a great challenge in operational forecasting and contributes significantly to the development of major TCs. RI is commonly defined as an increase in the maximum sustained…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Yi Li , Youmin Tang , Ralf Toumi , Shuai Wang

The tropical cyclone formation process is one of the most complex natural phenomena which is governed by various atmospheric, oceanographic, and geographic factors that varies with time and space. Despite several years of research,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Sandeep Kumar , Koushik Biswas , Ashish Kumar Pandey

Tropical cyclones can be of varied intensity and cause a huge loss of lives and property if the intensity is high enough. Therefore, the prediction of the intensity of tropical cyclones advance in time is of utmost importance. We propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Koushik Biswas , Sandeep Kumar , Ashish Kumar Pandey