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We study the problem of colouring the vertices of a polygon, such that every viewer in it can see a unique colour. The goal is to minimise the number of colours used. This is also known as the conflict-free chromatic guarding problem with…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Onur Çağırıcı , Subir Kumar Ghosh , Petr Hliněný , Bodhayan Roy

Given a hypergraph $H$, the conflict-free colouring problem is to colour vertices of $H$ using minimum colours so that each hyperedge in $H$ sees a unique colour. We present a polynomial time reduction from the conflict-free colouring…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-01-02 S. M. Dhannya , N. S. Narayanaswamy

A $k$-coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is called semi-equitable if there exists a partition of its vertex set into independent subsets $V_1,\ldots,V_k$ in such a way that $|V_1| \notin \{\lceil |V|/k\rceil, \lfloor |V|/k \rfloor\}$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-06 H. Furmańczyk , M. Kubale

The number of proper $q$-colorings of a graph $G$, denoted by $P_G(q)$, is an important graph parameter that plays fundamental role in graph theory, computational complexity theory and other related fields. We study an old problem of Linial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-11-18 Jie Ma , Humberto Naves

In this paper we study the problem of finding a small safe set $S$ in a graph $G$, i.e. a non-empty set of vertices such that no connected component of $G[S]$ is adjacent to a larger component in $G - S$. We enhance our understanding of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Rémy Belmonte , Tesshu Hanaka , Ioannis Katsikarelis , Michael Lampis , Hirotaka Ono , Yota Otachi

Given a hypergraph H = (V, E), a coloring of its vertices is said to be conflict-free if for every hyperedge S \in E there is at least one vertex in S whose color is distinct from the colors of all other vertices in S. The discrete interval…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-01 Panagiotis Cheilaris , Shakhar Smorodinsky

The main goal of this paper is to formalize and explore a connection between chromatic properties of graphs with geometric representations and competitive analysis of on-line algorithms, which became apparent after the recent construction…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-12-30 Tomasz Krawczyk , Bartosz Walczak

A $(q,t)$\emph{-tree-coloring} of a graph $G$ is a $q$-coloring of vertices of $G$ such that the subgraph induced by each color class is a forest of maximum degree at most $t.$ A $(q,\infty)$\emph{-tree-coloring} of a graph $G$ is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-31 Keaitsuda Maneeruk Nakprasit , Kittikorn Nakprasit

The field of kernelization studies polynomial-time preprocessing routines for hard problems in the framework of parameterized complexity. Although a framework for proving kernelization lower bounds has been discovered in 2008 and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2011-11-03 Marek Cygan , Stefan Kratsch , Marcin Pilipczuk , Michał Pilipczuk , Magnus Wahlström

A {\it proper conflict-free $c$-coloring} of a graph is a proper $c$-coloring such that each non-isolated vertex has a color appearing exactly once on its neighborhood. This notion was formally introduced by Fabrici et al., who proved that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-13 Eun-Kyung Cho , Ilkyoo Choi , Hyemin Kwon , Boram Park

The Colouring problem is that of deciding, given a graph $G$ and an integer $k$, whether $G$ admits a (proper) $k$-colouring. For all graphs $H$ up to five vertices, we classify the computational complexity of Colouring for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-09-06 Konrad K. Dabrowski , François Dross , Daniël Paulusma

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a graph. An ordering of $G$ is a bijection $\alpha: V\dom \{1,2,..., |V|\}.$ For a vertex $v$ in $G$, its closed neighborhood is $N[v]=\{u\in V: uv\in E\}\cup \{v\}.$ The profile of an ordering $\alpha$ of $G$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Gregory Gutin , Stefan Szeider , Anders Yeo

We study a certain relaxation of the classic vertex coloring problem, namely, a coloring of vertices of undirected, simple graphs, such that there are no monochromatic triangles. We give the first classification of the problem in terms of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Michał Karpiński , Krzysztof Piecuch

We consider the single-conflict coloring problem, a graph coloring problem in which each edge of a graph receives a forbidden ordered color pair. The task is to find a vertex coloring such that no two adjacent vertices receive a pair of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Peter Bradshaw , Tomáš Masařík

We prove a number of results around kernelization of problems parameterized by the size of a given vertex cover of the input graph. We provide three sets of simple general conditions characterizing problems admitting kernels of polynomial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-09-27 Fedor V. Fomin , Bart M. P. Jansen , Michal Pilipczuk

We study the fine-grained complexity of counting the number of colorings and connected spanning edge sets parameterized by the cutwidth and treewidth of the graph. While decompositions of small treewidth decompose the graph with small…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Carla Groenland , Jesper Nederlof , Isja Mannens , Krisztina Szilágyi

For an integer $r>0$, a conditional $(k,r)$-coloring of a graph $G$ is a proper $k$-coloring of the vertices of $G$ such that every vertex $v$ of degree $d(v)$ in $G$ is adjacent to vertices with at least $min\{r, d(v)\}$ different colors.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-11-20 Xueliang Li , Xiangmei Yao , Wenli Zhou

Using the algebraic approach to promise constraint satisfaction problems, we establish complexity classifications of three natural variants of hypergraph colourings: standard nonmonochromatic colourings, conflict-free colourings, and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Tamio-Vesa Nakajima , Zephyr Verwimp , Marcin Wrochna , Stanislav Živný

In this paper we consider a variation of a recoloring problem, called the Color-Fixing. Let us have some non-proper $r$-coloring $\varphi$ of a graph $G$. We investigate the problem of finding a proper $r$-coloring of $G$, which is "the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Valentin Garnero , Konstanty Junosza-Szaniawski , Mathieu Liedloff , Pedro Montealegre , Paweł Rzążewski

The Graph Motif problem was introduced in 2006 in the context of biological networks. It consists of deciding whether or not a multiset of colors occurs in a connected subgraph of a vertex-colored graph. Graph Motif has been mostly analyzed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-01-13 Édouard Bonnet , Florian Sikora
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