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Related papers: SZX-calculus: Scalable Graphical Quantum Reasoning

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The prop formalism allows representation of processes withstring diagrams and has been successfully applied in various areas such as quantum computing, electric circuits and control flow graphs. However, these graphical approaches suffer…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Titouan Carette , Simon Perdrix

Diagrammatic representations of quantum algorithms and circuits offer novel approaches to their design and analysis. In this work, we describe extensions of the ZX-calculus especially suitable for parameterized quantum circuits, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-16 Tobias Stollenwerk , Stuart Hadfield

Compact closed categories provide a foundational formalism for a variety of important domains, including quantum computation. These categories have a natural visualisation as a form of graphs. We present a formalism for equational reasoning…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2009-02-04 Lucas Dixon , Ross Duncan

While the ZX and ZW calculi have been effective as graphical reasoning tools for finite-dimensional quantum computation, the possibilities for continuous-variable quantum computation (CVQC) in infinite-dimensional Hilbert space are only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-06 Razin A. Shaikh , Lia Yeh , Stefano Gogioso

We introduce the PBS-calculus to represent and reason on quantum computations involving coherent control of quantum operations. Coherent control, and in particular indefinite causal order, is known to enable multiple computational and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-02 Alexandre Clément , Simon Perdrix

From Feynman diagrams to tensor networks, diagrammatic representations of computations in quantum mechanics have catalysed progress in physics. These diagrams represent the underlying mathematical operations and aid physical interpretation,…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-01-11 Richard D. P. East , John van de Wetering , Nicholas Chancellor , Adolfo G. Grushin

Reasoning about quantum programs remains a fundamental challenge, regardless of the programming model or computational paradigm. Despite extensive research, existing verification techniques are insufficient -- even for quantum circuits, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-16 Nengkun Yu , Jens Palsberg , Thomas Reps

Quantum computers allow a near-exponential speed-up for specific applications when compared to classical computers. Despite recent advances in the hardware of quantum computers, their practical usage is still severely limited due to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-09 Tobias Fischbach , Pierre Talbot , Pascal Bouvry

Recent completeness results on the ZX-Calculus used a third-party language, namely the ZW-Calculus. As a consequence, these proofs are elegant, but sadly non-constructive. We address this issue in the following. To do so, we first describe…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-15 Emmanuel Jeandel , Simon Perdrix , Renaud Vilmart

As state-of-the-art quantum computers are capable of running increasingly complex algorithms, the need for automated methods to design and test potential applications rises. Equivalence checking of quantum circuits is an important, yet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-30 Tom Peham , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

The ZX-calculus is a convenient formalism for expressing and reasoning about quantum circuits at a low level, whereas the recently-proposed ZH-calculus yields convenient expressions of mid-level quantum gates such as Toffoli and CCZ. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-17 Stach Kuijpers , John van de Wetering , Aleks Kissinger

Categorical quantum mechanics and the Wolfram model offer distinct but complementary approaches to studying the relationship between diagrammatic rewriting systems over combinatorial structures and the foundations of physics; the objective…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Jonathan Gorard , Manojna Namuduri , Xerxes D. Arsiwalla

Quantum entanglement is a key resource in many quantum protocols, such as quantum teleportation and quantum cryptography. Yet entanglement makes protocols presented in Dirac notation difficult to verify. This is why Coecke and Duncan have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-03 Anne Hillebrand

In this paper, we introduce a technique for contracting (i.e. numerically evaluating) ZX-diagrams whose complexity scales with their rank-width, a graph parameter that behaves nicely under ZX rewrite rules. Given a rank-decomposition of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 Fedor Kuyanov , Aleks Kissinger

Categorical Quantum Mechanics, and graphical calculi in particular, has proven to be an intuitive and powerful way to reason about quantum computing. This work continues the exploration of graphical calculi, inside and outside of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-09 Hector Miller-Bakewell

ZX-calculus has proved to be a useful tool for quantum technology with a wide range of successful applications. Most of these applications are of an algebraic nature. However, other tasks that involve differentiation and integration remain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-09 Quanlong Wang , Richie Yeung , Mark Koch

This paper has two tightly intertwined aims: (i) To introduce an intuitive and universal graphical calculus for multi-qubit systems, the ZX-calculus, which greatly simplifies derivations in the area of quantum computation and information.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-13 Bob Coecke , Ross Duncan

In this paper, we show that a qutrit version of ZX-calculus, with rules significantly different from that of the qubit version, is complete for pure qutrit stabilizer quantum mechanics, where state preparations and measurements are based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-05 Quanlong Wang

Counting the solutions to Boolean formulae defines the problem #SAT, which is complete for the complexity class #P. We use the ZH-calculus, a universal and complete graphical language for linear maps which naturally encodes counting…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Tuomas Laakkonen , Konstantinos Meichanetzidis , John van de Wetering

Quantum computers promise to efficiently solve important problems classical computers never will. However, in order to capitalize on these prospects, a fully automated quantum software stack needs to be developed. This involves a multitude…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Robert Wille , Lukas Burgholzer , Stefan Hillmich , Thomas Grurl , Alexander Ploier , Tom Peham