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Of late, in order to have better acceptability among various domain, researchers have argued that machine intelligence algorithms must be able to provide explanations that humans can understand causally. This aspect, also known as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-24 Satyam Kumar , Vadlamani Ravi

In the article, within the framework of the Boolean Satisfiability problem (SAT), the problem of estimating the hardness of specific Boolean formulas w.r.t. a specific complete SAT solving algorithm is considered. Based on the well-known…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Daniil Chivilikhin , Artem Pavlenko , Alexander Semenov

Causality defines the relationship between cause and effect. In multivariate time series field, this notion allows to characterize the links between several time series considering temporal lags. These phenomena are particularly important…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-01 Antonin Arsac , Aurore Lomet , Jean-Philippe Poli

Efficiently determining the satisfiability of a boolean equation -- known as the SAT problem for brevity -- is crucial in various industrial problems. Recently, the advent of deep learning methods has introduced significant potential for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Joseph Cotnareanu , Zhanguang Zhang , Hui-Ling Zhen , Yingxue Zhang , Mark Coates

Over the past two decades, the rapid surge in data-intensive computational techniques for statistical modeling may have had the effect of diminishing the use of applied mathematics in causal scientific inquiry. In this paper, co-authored by…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Marzieh Asgari-Targhi , Amene Asgari-Targhi , Mahboubeh Asgari-Targhi , Edward J. , Hall

This paper proposes a method to estimate the total time required to solve SAT in distributed environments via partitioning approach. It is based on the observation that for some simple forms of problem partitioning one can use the Monte…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-08-06 Alexander Semenov , Oleg Zaikin

The Circuit Satisfiability (CSAT) problem, a variant of the Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem, plays a critical role in integrated circuit design and verification. However, existing SAT solvers, optimized for Conjunctive Normal Form…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zhengyuan Shi , Tiebing Tang , Jiaying Zhu , Sadaf Khan , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Zhufei Chu , Qiang Xu

In everyday life, we perform tasks (e.g., cooking or cleaning) that involve a large variety of objects and goals. When confronted with an unexpected or unwanted outcome, we take corrective actions and try again until achieving the desired…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Jaime Maldonado , Jonas Krumme , Christoph Zetzsche , Vanessa Didelez , Kerstin Schill

Model counting, or counting the satisfying assignments of a Boolean formula, is a fundamental problem with diverse applications. Given #P-hardness of the problem, developing algorithms for approximate counting is an important research area.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Kuldeep S. Meel , Supratik Chakraborty , S. Akshay

Many methods of estimating causal models do not provide estimates of confidence in the resulting model. In this work, a metric is proposed for validating the output of a causal model fit; the robustness of the model structure with resampled…

To check the satisfiability of (non-linear) real arithmetic formulas, modern satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) solving algorithms like NLSAT depend heavily on single cell construction, the task of generalizing a sample point to a…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Valentin Promies , Jasper Nalbach , Erika Ábrahám , Paul Wagner

Identifying the actual cause of events in engineered systems is a fundamental challenge in system analysis. Finding such causes becomes more challenging in the presence of noise and stochastic behavior in real-world systems. In this paper,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-20 Arshia Rafieioskouei , Kenneth Rogale , Borzoo Bonakdarpour

Understanding causal relationships among features is fundamental for explaining machine learning model decisions. However, traditional causal discovery methods face challenges with categorical variables due to numerical instability in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Henry Salgado , Meagan R. Kendall , Martine Ceberio

This is the latest in a series of articles aimed at exploring the relationship between the complexity classes of P and NP. In the previous papers, we have proved that the sat CNF problem is polynomially reduced to the problem of finding a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Stepan G. Margaryan

Identifying cause-effect relations among variables is a key step in the decision-making process. While causal inference requires randomized experiments, researchers and policymakers are increasingly using observational studies to test…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-22 Md Saiful Islam , Md Sarowar Morshed , Md. Noor-E-Alam

Causal discovery methods can identify valid adjustment sets for causal effect estimation for a pair of target variables, even when the underlying causal graph is unknown. Global causal discovery methods focus on learning the whole causal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-01 Mátyás Schubert , Tom Claassen , Sara Magliacane

Detecting and understanding reasons for defects and inadvertent behavior in software is challenging due to their increasing complexity. In configurable software systems, the combinatorics that arises from the multitude of features a user…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Clemens Dubslaff , Kallistos Weis , Christel Baier , Sven Apel

Perfect adaptation in a dynamical system is the phenomenon that one or more variables have an initial transient response to a persistent change in an external stimulus but revert to their original value as the system converges to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Tineke Blom , Joris M. Mooij

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) is a fundamental NP-complete problem with many applications, including automated planning and scheduling. To solve large instances, SAT solvers have to rely on heuristics, e.g., choosing a branching variable in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Mikhail Shirokikh , Ilya Shenbin , Anton Alekseev , Sergey Nikolenko

Causal reasoning is essential for business process interventions and improvement, requiring a clear understanding of causal relationships among activity execution times in an event log. Recent work introduced a method for discovering causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yuval David , Fabiana Fournier , Lior Limonad , Inna Skarbovsky