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Appearance-based gaze estimation methods that only require an off-the-shelf camera have significantly improved but they are still not yet widely used in the human-computer interaction (HCI) community. This is partly because it remains…
Region-based artificial attention constitutes a framework for bio-inspired attentional processes on an intermediate abstraction level for the use in computer vision and mobile robotics. Segmentation algorithms produce regions of coherently…
Students often drift in and out of focus during class. Effective teachers recognize this and re-engage them when necessary. With the shift to remote learning, teachers have lost the visual feedback needed to adapt to varying student…
In many computer vision tasks, the relevant information to solve the problem at hand is mixed to irrelevant, distracting information. This has motivated researchers to design attentional models that can dynamically focus on parts of images…
A visual hard attention model actively selects and observes a sequence of subregions in an image to make a prediction. The majority of hard attention models determine the attention-worthy regions by first analyzing a complete image.…
Understanding how people explore immersive virtual environments is crucial for many applications, such as designing virtual reality (VR) content, developing new compression algorithms, or learning computational models of saliency or visual…
360{\deg} videos in recent years have experienced booming development. Compared to traditional videos, 360{\deg} videos are featured with uncertain user behaviors, bringing opportunities as well as challenges. Datasets are necessary for…
Existing saliency models have been designed and evaluated for predicting the saliency in distortion-free images. However, in practice, the image quality is affected by a host of factors at several stages of the image processing pipeline…
Gaze following estimates gaze targets of in-scene person by understanding human behavior and scene information. Existing methods usually analyze scene images for gaze following. However, compared with visual images, audio also provides…
Real-time object detection in AR/VR systems faces critical computational constraints, requiring sub-10\,ms latency within tight power budgets. Inspired by biological foveal vision, we propose a two-stage pipeline that combines…
Estimation eye gaze direction is useful in various human-computer interaction tasks. Knowledge of gaze direction can give valuable information regarding users point of attention. Certain patterns of eye movements known as eye accessing cues…
In this paper we introduce a novel Depth-Aware Video Saliency approach to predict human focus of attention when viewing RGBD videos on regular 2D screens. We train a generative convolutional neural network which predicts a saliency map for…
People's goal-directed behaviors are influenced by their cognitive biases, and autonomous systems that interact with people should be aware of this. For example, people's attention to objects in their environment will be biased in a way…
Attention mechanisms have been widely used in Visual Question Answering (VQA) solutions due to their capacity to model deep cross-domain interactions. Analyzing attention maps offers us a perspective to find out limitations of current VQA…
Human vision is naturally more attracted by some regions within their field of view than others. This intrinsic selectivity mechanism, so-called visual attention, is influenced by both high- and low-level factors; such as the global…
Eye movements play a vital role in perceiving the world. Eye gaze can give a direct indication of the users point of attention, which can be useful in improving human-computer interaction. Gaze estimation in a non-intrusive manner can make…
Developments in machine learning interpretability techniques over the past decade have provided new tools to observe the image regions that are most informative for classification and localization in artificial neural networks (ANNs). Are…
We present a novel visual attention tracking technique based on Shared Attention modeling. Our proposed method models the viewer as a participant in the activity occurring in the scene. We go beyond image salience and instead of only…
We present the results of a study comparing the performance of younger adults (YA) and people in late adulthood (PLA) across ten low-level analysis tasks and five basic visualizations, employing Bayesian regression to aggregate and model…
To further advance driver monitoring and assistance systems, it is important to understand how drivers allocate their attention, in other words, where do they tend to look and why. Traditionally, factors affecting human visual attention…