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Human education system trains one student by multiple experts. Mixture-of-experts (MoE) is a powerful sparse architecture including multiple experts. However, sparse MoE model is easy to overfit, hard to deploy, and not hardware-friendly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Fuzhao Xue , Xiaoxin He , Xiaozhe Ren , Yuxuan Lou , Yang You

The mixture of experts (MoE) model is a sparse variant of large language models (LLMs), designed to hold a better balance between intelligent capability and computational overhead. Despite its benefits, MoE is still too expensive to deploy…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Haodong Wang , Qihua Zhou , Zicong Hong , Song Guo

In this paper, we introduce a novel dynamic expert selection framework for Mixture of Experts (MoE) models, aiming to enhance computational efficiency and model performance by adjusting the number of activated experts based on input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Quzhe Huang , Zhenwei An , Nan Zhuang , Mingxu Tao , Chen Zhang , Yang Jin , Kun Xu , Kun Xu , Liwei Chen , Songfang Huang , Yansong Feng

Mixed-signal hardware accelerators for deep learning achieve orders of magnitude better power efficiency than their digital counterparts. In the ultra-low power consumption regime, limited signal precision inherent to analog computation…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Michael Klachko , Mohammad Reza Mahmoodi , Dmitri B. Strukov

Infrared and visible image fusion aims to integrate comprehensive information from multiple sources to achieve superior performances on various practical tasks, such as detection, over that of a single modality. However, most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Yiming Sun , Bing Cao , Pengfei Zhu , Qinghua Hu

We propose a new grayscale image denoiser, dubbed as Neural Affine Image Denoiser (Neural AIDE), which utilizes neural network in a novel way. Unlike other neural network based image denoising methods, which typically apply simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-09-19 Sungmin Cha , Taesup Moon

Learning-based edge detection models trained with cross-entropy loss often suffer from thick edge predictions, which deviate from the crisp, single-pixel annotations typically provided by humans. While previous approaches to achieving crisp…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Jiaxin Cheng , Yue Wu , Yicong Zhou

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models mostly use a router to assign tokens to specific expert modules, activating only partial parameters and often outperforming dense models. We argue that the separation between the router's decision-making and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Ang Lv , Ruobing Xie , Yining Qian , Songhao Wu , Xingwu Sun , Zhanhui Kang , Di Wang , Rui Yan

Sparse Mixtures of Experts (SMoE) scales model capacity without significant increases in training and inference costs, but exhibits the following two issues: (1) Low expert activation, where only a small subset of experts are activated for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Wenhui Wang , Furu Wei

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures enable conditional computation by activating only a subset of model parameters for each input. Although sparse routing has been highly effective in language models and has also shown promise in vision,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Vadim Vashkelis , Natalia Trukhina

Mixture of Experts (MoE) offers remarkable performance and computational efficiency by selectively activating subsets of model parameters. Traditionally, MoE models use homogeneous experts, each with identical capacity. However, varying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 An Wang , Xingwu Sun , Ruobing Xie , Shuaipeng Li , Jiaqi Zhu , Zhen Yang , Pinxue Zhao , J. N. Han , Zhanhui Kang , Di Wang , Naoaki Okazaki , Cheng-zhong Xu

The training of large-scale Mixture of Experts (MoE) models faces a critical memory bottleneck due to severe load imbalance caused by dynamic token routing. This imbalance leads to memory overflow on GPUs with limited capacity, constraining…

Scaling large language models has driven remarkable advancements across various domains, yet the continual increase in model size presents significant challenges for real-world deployment. The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture offers a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shwai He , Daize Dong , Liang Ding , Ang Li

Mixture of Experts (MoE) have shown remarkable success in leveraging specialized expert networks for complex machine learning tasks. However, their susceptibility to adversarial attacks presents a critical challenge for deployment in robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xu Zhang , Kaidi Xu , Ziqing Hu , Ren Wang

Recent advancements in Mixture of Experts (MoE) models have significantly increased their parameter scale as well as model performance. Extensive offloading techniques have been proposed to address the GPU memory limitations of MoE…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zhibin Wang , Zhonghui Zhang , Yuhang Zhou , Zibo Wang , Mo Zhou , Peng Jiang , Weilin Cai , Chengying Huan , Rong Gu , Sheng Zhong , Chen Tian

AI-based models for histopathology whole slide image (WSI) analysis are increasingly common, but unsharp or blurred areas within WSI can significantly reduce prediction performance. In this study, we investigated the effect of image blur on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-21 Yujie Xiang , Bojing Liu , Mattias Rantalainen

Edge detection, a basic task in the field of computer vision, is an important preprocessing operation for the recognition and understanding of a visual scene. In conventional models, the edge image generated is ambiguous, and the edge lines…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Dawei Dai , Chunjie Wang , Shuyin Xia , Yingge Liu , Guoyin Wang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have gained popularity as a means of scaling the capacity of large language models (LLMs) while maintaining sparse activations and reduced per-token compute. However, in memory-constrained inference settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Vivan Madan , Prajwal Singhania , Abhinav Bhatele , Tom Goldstein , Ashwinee Panda

Accurate and real-time three-dimensional (3D) pose estimation is challenging in resource-constrained and dynamic environments owing to its high computational complexity. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel cooperative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Hyun-Ho Choi , Kangsoo Kim , Ki-Ho Lee , Kisong Lee

Steered-Mixtures-of-Experts (SMoE) models provide sparse, edge-aware representations, applicable to many use-cases in image processing. This includes denoising, super-resolution and compression of 2D- and higher dimensional pixel data.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-26 Elvira Fleig , Jonas Geistert , Erik Bochinski , Rolf Jongebloed , Thomas Sikora