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The goal of program synthesis is to automatically generate programs in a particular language from corresponding specifications, e.g. input-output behavior. Many current approaches achieve impressive results after training on randomly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Richard Shin , Neel Kant , Kavi Gupta , Christopher Bender , Brandon Trabucco , Rishabh Singh , Dawn Song

We present a novel approach to the automatic synthesis of recursive programs from mixed-quantifier first-order logic properties. Our approach uses Skolemization to reduce the mixed-quantifier synthesis problem to a $\forall^*$-synthesis…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Derek Egolf , Stavros Tripakis

In recent years, more people have seen their work depend on data manipulation tasks. However, many of these users do not have the background in programming required to write complex programs, particularly SQL queries. One way of helping…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Ricardo Brancas , Miguel Terra-Neves , Miguel Ventura , Vasco Manquinho , Ruben Martins

Being able to provide counterfactual interventions - sequences of actions we would have had to take for a desirable outcome to happen - is essential to explain how to change an unfavourable decision by a black-box machine learning model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Giovanni De Toni , Bruno Lepri , Andrea Passerini

In syntax-guided synthesis (SyGuS), a synthesizer's goal is to automatically generate a program belonging to a grammar of possible implementations that meets a logical specification. We investigate a common limitation across…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Saswat Padhi , Todd Millstein , Aditya Nori , Rahul Sharma

The goal of program synthesis from examples is to find a computer program that is consistent with a given set of input-output examples. Most learning-based approaches try to find a program that satisfies all examples at once. Our work, by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Disha Shrivastava , Hugo Larochelle , Daniel Tarlow

Programming by Example (PBE) is a program synthesis paradigm in which the synthesizer creates a program that matches a set of given examples. In many applications of such synthesis (e.g., program repair or reverse engineering), we are to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Bo Wang , Teodora Baluta , Aashish Kolluri , Prateek Saxena

This article presents resource-guided synthesis, a technique for synthesizing recursive programs that satisfy both a functional specification and a symbolic resource bound. The technique is type-directed and rests upon a novel type system…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-04-19 Tristan Knoth , Di Wang , Nadia Polikarpova , Jan Hoffmann

We introduce transductive program synthesis, a new formulation of the program synthesis task that explicitly leverages test inputs during synthesis. While prior approaches to program synthesis--whether based on natural language descriptions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Kang-il Lee , Jahyun Koo , Seunghyun Yoon , Minbeom Kim , Hyukhun Koh , Dongryeol Lee , Kyomin Jung

Programming-by-example (PBE) systems aim to alleviate the burden of programming. However, user-specified examples are often ambiguous, leaving multiple programs to satisfy the specification. Consequently, in most prior work, users have had…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Priyan Vaithilingam , Yewen Pu , Elena L. Glassman

Inspired by a concrete industry problem we consider the input synthesis problem for hybrid systems: given a hybrid system that is subject to input from outside (also called disturbance or noise), find an input sequence that steers the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Takumi Akazaki , Ichiro Hasuo , Kohei Suenaga

Probabilistic programming is perfectly suited to reliable and transparent data science, as it allows the user to specify their models in a high-level language without worrying about the complexities of how to fit the models. Static analysis…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Ryan Bernstein , Matthijs Vákár , Jeannette Wing

Probabilistic programming offers a powerful framework for modeling uncertainty, yet statistical model discovery in this domain entails navigating an immense search space under strict domain-specific constraints. When small language models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Madhav Kanda , Shubham Ugare , Sasa Misailovic

Providing examples is one of the most common way for end-users to interact with program synthesizers. However, program synthesis systems assume that examples consistent with the program are chosen at random, and do not exploit the fact that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Saujas Vaduguru , Kevin Ellis , Yewen Pu

The automatic generation of computer programs is one of the main applications with practical relevance in the field of evolutionary computation. With program synthesis techniques not only software developers could be supported in their…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Dominik Sobania , Dirk Schweim , Franz Rothlauf

The synthesis problem asks for the automatic construction of a system from its specification. In the traditional setting, the system is "constructed from scratch" rather than composed from reusable components. However, this is rare in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-02-18 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Laurent Doyen , Moshe Y. Vardi

We propose a novel method for automatic program synthesis. P-Tree Programming represents the program search space through a single probabilistic prototype tree. From this prototype tree we form program instances which we evaluate on a given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-13 Christian Oesch

Synthesis of program parts is very useful for concurrent systems. However, most synthesis approaches do not support common design tasks, like modifying a single process without having to re-synthesize or verify the whole system.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Roderick Bloem , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Swen Jacobs , Robert Koenighofer

Probabilistic programs are typically normal-looking programs describing posterior probability distributions. They intrinsically code up randomized algorithms and have long been at the heart of modern machine learning and approximate…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Lutz Klinkenberg , Tobias Winkler , Mingshuai Chen , Joost-Pieter Katoen

This paper introduces a general approach for synthesizing procedural models of the state-transitions of a given discrete system. The approach is general in that it accepts different target languages for modeling the state-transitions of a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Javier Segovia-Aguas , Jonathan Ferrer-Mestres , Sergio Jiménez