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Periodically driven quantum systems manifest various non-equilibrium features which are absent at equilibrium. For example, discrete time-translation symmetry can be broken in periodically driven quantum systems leading to an exotic phase…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-09 C. M. Dai , Z. C. Gu , X. X. Yi

We consider the possibility that classical dynamical systems display motion in their lowest energy state, forming a time analogue of crystalline spatial order. Challenges facing that idea are identified and overcome. We display arbitrary…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-05-30 Alfred Shapere , Frank Wilczek

Spontaneous symmetry breaking plays a pivotal role in physics ranging from the emergence of elementary particles to the phase transitions of matter. The spontaneous breaking of continuous time translation symmetry leads to a novel state of…

Periodically driven (Floquet) systems are described by time dependent Hamiltonians that possess discrete time translation symmetry. The spontaneous breaking of this symmetry leads to the emergence of a novel non-equilibrium phase of matter…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-15 Sayan Choudhury

Periodically driven (Floquet) crystals are described by their quasi-energy spectrum. Their topological properties are characterized by invariants attached to the gaps of this spectrum. In this article, we define such invariants in all space…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-03-22 Michel Fruchart

The formation of a phase of matter can be associated with the spontaneous breaking of a symmetry. For crystallization, this broken symmetry is the spatial translation symmetry, as the atoms spontaneously localize in a periodic fashion. In…

We investigate a disorder-free quantum Ising chain subject to a time-periodic drive that rotates each spin by an angle $\pi(1-\epsilon_i)$. In case all spins experience the same deviation $\epsilon$ and the system is initialized in a fully…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-01 Niklas Euler , Adrian Braemer , Luca Benn , Martin Gärttner

Floquet theory is a widely used framework to describe the dynamics of periodically-driven quantum systems. The usual set up to describe such kind of systems is to consider the effect of an external control with a definite period in time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-10 V. M. Bastidas

We study the evolution of quantum fluctuations in systems known as time crystals, hypothetical systems for which the lowest energy state performs a periodic motion. We first discuss some general properties shared by time crystals, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-10 Esteban Castillo , Benjamin Koch , Gonzalo Palma

We introduce and study the discrete-time version of the Quantum East model, an interacting quantum spin chain inspired by simple kinetically constrained models of classical glasses. Previous work has established that its continuous-time…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-02-27 Bruno Bertini , Pavel Kos , Tomaz Prosen

We report experimental realization of a quantum time quasicrystal, and its transformation to a quantum time crystal. We study Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons, associated with coherent spin precession, created in a flexible trap in…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-05-30 S. Autti , G. E. Volovik , V. B. Eltsov

We consider the two-dimensional quantum Ising model, in absence of disorder, subject to periodic imperfect global spin flips. We show by a combination of exact diagonalization and tensor-network methods that the system can sustain a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-10-19 Alessandro Santini , Giuseppe E. Santoro , Mario Collura

The breaking of the continuous time-translation symmetry manifests, in Markovian open quantum systems, through the emergence of non-stationary dynamical phases. Systems that display nonequilibrium transitions into these phases are referred…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-05-04 Federico Carollo , Igor Lesanovsky

We introduce a new class of out-of-equilibrium noninteracting topological phases, the topological space-time crystals. These are time-dependent quantum systems which do not have discrete spatial translation symmetries, but instead are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-05-06 Yang Peng

Boundary time crystals are a class of exotic dissipative quantum phases that spontaneously break continuous time-translation symmetry in the thermodynamic limit of open quantum systems. In finite-size systems, the long-time evolution of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-06 Zeping Liu , Yaotian Li , Zhaoyu Fei , Xiaoguang Wang

In a periodically driven (Floquet) system, there is the possibility for new phases of matter, not present in stationary systems, protected by discrete time-translation symmetry. This includes topological phases protected in part by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-04-10 Dominic V. Else , Bela Bauer , Chetan Nayak

Dirac equation requires $E=mc^2$ energy of resting particle, leading to some $\exp(-iEt/\hbar)$ its evolution - periodic process of $\omega=mc^2/\hbar$ frequency, literally propelled by mass of particle, confirmed experimentally e.g. for…

General Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Jarek Duda

In this paper, we report findings of non-stationary behavior observed in a fully connected qubit network, utilizing a random unitary evolution model in open quantum system theory. The environmental effect is reflected in the partial swap…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-02 He Wang , Jin Wang

We study transitions between distinct phases of one-dimensional periodically driven (Floquet) systems. We argue that these are generically controlled by infinite-randomness fixed points of a strong-disorder renormalization group procedure.…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-09-25 William Berdanier , Michael Kolodrubetz , S. A. Parameswaran , Romain Vasseur

We propose a novel protocol to realize discrete time-crystal (DTC) order in clean, periodically driven spin-$1/2$ chains. In each drive cycle, a global spin flip is followed by a two-tone flat-band segment. This flat-band segment engineers…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-17 Mahbub Rahaman , Analabha Roy