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Simulation testing is a fundamental approach for evaluating automated vehicles (AVs). To ensure its reliability, it is crucial to accurately replicate interactions between AVs and background traffic, which necessitates effective…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jia Hu , Junqi Li , Xuerun Yan , Jintao Lai , Lianhua An

Whenever we use devices to take measurements, calibration is indispensable. While the purpose of calibration is to reduce bias and uncertainty in the measurements, it can be quite difficult, expensive, and sometimes even impossible to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Shuyang Ling , Thomas Strohmer

A new closed-form solver is proposed minimizing the algebraic error optimally, in the least-squares sense, to estimate the relative planar motion of two calibrated cameras. The main objective is to solve the over-determined case, i.e., when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Levente Hajder , Daniel Barath

This paper proposes a new extrinsic calibration of kaleidoscopic imaging system by estimating normals and distances of the mirrors. The problem to be solved in this paper is a simultaneous estimation of all mirror parameters consistent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-30 Kosuke Takahashi , Akihiro Miyata , Shohei Nobuhara , Takashi Matsuyama

Advances in autonomous driving are inseparable from sensor fusion. Heterogeneous sensors are widely used for sensor fusion due to their complementary properties, with radar and camera being the most equipped sensors. Intrinsic and extrinsic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Lei Cheng , Arindam Sengupta , Siyang Cao

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) Radar--Camera fusion improves perception under adverse illumination and weather, but its performance is sensitive to Radar--Camera extrinsic calibration: residual misalignment biases Radar-to-image projection and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yuting Wan , Liguo Sun , Jiuwu Hao , Pin LV

Calibration of fixtures in robotic work cells is essential but also time consuming and error-prone, and poor calibration can easily lead to wasted debugging time in downstream tasks. Contact-based calibration methods let the user measure…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Rasmus Laurvig Haugaard , Yitaek Kim , Thorbjørn Mosekjær Iversen

The objective of this study is improving the location estimate of a mobile robot capable of motion on a plane and mounted with a conventional 2D LIDAR sensor, given an initial guess for its location on a 2D map of its surroundings.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Alexandros Filotheou

In complex environments, low-cost and robust localization is a challenging problem. For example, in a GPSdenied environment, LiDAR can provide accurate position information, but the cost is high. In general, visual SLAM based localization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Dong Han , Zuhao Zou , Lujia Wang , Cheng-Zhong Xu

As an essential procedure of data fusion, LiDAR-camera calibration is critical for autonomous vehicles and robot navigation. Most calibration methods rely on hand-crafted features and require significant amounts of extracted features or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Xudong Lv , Boya Wang , Ziwen Dou , Dong Ye , Shuo Wang

We examine 3D reconstruction of architectural scenes in unordered sets of uncalibrated images. We introduce a linear method to self-calibrate and find the metric reconstruction of a camera pair. We assume unknown and different focal lengths…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Nikos Melanitis , Petros Maragos

This paper presents a groundbreaking approach - the first online automatic geometric calibration method for radar and camera systems. Given the significant data sparsity and measurement uncertainty in radar height data, achieving automatic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Van-Tin Luu , Yon-Lin Cai , Vu-Hoang Tran , Wei-Chen Chiu , Yi-Ting Chen , Ching-Chun Huang

This paper describes a calibration algorithm to simultaneously calibrate a magnetometer and an accelerometer without any information besides the sensors readings. Using a linear sensor model and maximum likelihood cost, the algorithm is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-05-22 Conrado Silva Miranda , Janito Vaqueiro Ferreira

While camera and LiDAR are widely used in most of the assisted and autonomous driving systems, only a few works have been proposed to associate the temporal synchronization and extrinsic calibration for camera and LiDAR which are dedicated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Shouan Wang , Xinyu Zhang , GuiPeng Zhang , Yijin Xiong , Ganglin Tian , Shichun Guo , Jun Li

Camera calibration is a crucial step in photogrammetry and 3D vision applications. This paper introduces a novel camera calibration method using a designed collimator system. Our collimator system provides a reliable and controllable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Shunkun Liang , Banglei Guan , Zhenbao Yu , Dongcai Tan , Pengju Sun , Zibin Liu , Qifeng Yu , Yang Shang

Accurate sensor-to-vehicle calibration is essential for safe autonomous driving. Angular misalignments of LiDAR sensors can lead to safety-critical issues during autonomous operation. However, current methods primarily focus on correcting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ilir Tahiraj , Peter Wittal , Markus Lienkamp

Robotic calibration allows for the fusion of data from multiple sensors such as odometers, cameras, etc., by providing appropriate transformational relationships between the corresponding reference frames. For wheeled robots equipped with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Mohan Krishna Nutalapati , Lavish Arora , Anway Bose , Ketan Rajawat , Rajesh M Hegde

Consistent maps are key for most autonomous mobile robots, and they often use SLAM approaches to build such maps. Loop closures via place recognition help to maintain accurate pose estimates by mitigating global drift, and are thus key for…

Visual navigation devices require precise calibration to achieve high-precision localization and navigation, which includes camera and attitude calibration. To address the limitations of time-consuming camera calibration and complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Shunkun Liang , Dongcai Tan , Banglei Guan , Zhang Li , Guangcheng Dai , Nianpeng Pan , Liang Shen , Yang Shang , Qifeng Yu

High performance lidars are essential in autonomous robots such as self-driving cars, automated ground vehicles and intelligent machines. Traditional mechanical scanning lidars offer superior performance in autonomous vehicles, but the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Zheng Liu , Fu Zhang , Xiaoping Hong