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Large-scale quantum networks, known as quantum internet, hold great promises for advanced distributed quantum computing and long-distance quantum communication. It is essential to have a proper theoretical analysis of the quantum network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Kiran Adhikari , Christian Deppe

Quantum networks are a new paradigm of complex networks, allowing us to harness networked quantum technologies and to develop a quantum internet. But how robust is a quantum network when its links and nodes start failing? We show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-09 Bruno C. Coutinho , William J. Munro , Kae Nemoto , Yasser Omar

The problem of scheduling in quantum networks amounts to choosing which entanglement swapping operations to perform to better serve user demand. The choice can be carried out following a variety of criteria (e.g. ensuring all users are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Paolo Fittipaldi

Quantum key distribution (QKD), the distribution of quantum secured keys useful for data encryption, is expected to have a crucial impact in the next decades. However, although the notable achievements accomplished in the last twenty years,…

Quantum computing has attracted much attention in recent decades, since it is believed to solve certain problems substantially faster than traditional computing methods. Theoretically, such an advance can be obtained by networks of the…

Optics · Physics 2022-12-21 Yifan Sun , Qian Li , Ling-Jun Kong , Jiangwei Shang , Xiangdong Zhang

Nowadays, the classical Internet has mainly envisioned as the underlying communication infrastructure of the Quantum Internet, aimed at providing services such as signaling and coordination messages. However, the interplay between classical…

The advent of quantum computing threatens classical cryptographic mechanisms, demanding new strategies for securing communication networks. Since real-world networks cannot be fully Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)-enabled due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ane Sanz , Eire Salegi , Asier Atutxa , David Franco , Jasone Astorga , Eduardo Jacob

The use of quantum cryptography in everyday applications has gained attention in both industrial and academic fields. Due to advancements in quantum electronics, practical quantum devices are already available in the market, and ready for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Pankaj Kumar , Neel Kanth Kundu , Binayak Kar

In this paper we explore how recent technologies can improve the security of optical networks. In particular, we study how to use quantum key distribution (QKD) in common optical network infrastructures and propose a method to overcome its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-16 David Elkouss , Jesus Martinez-Mateo , Alex Ciurana , Vicente Martin

A notion of quantum conference is introduced in analogy with the usual notion of a conference that happens frequently in today's world. Quantum conference is defined as a multiparty secure communication task that allows each party to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-10 Anindita Banerjee , Kishore Thapliyal , Chitra Shukla , Anirban Pathak

A new paradigm of quantum computing, namely, soft quantum computing, is proposed for nonclassical computation using real world quantum systems with naturally occurring environment-induced decoherence and dissipation. As a specific example…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-12 Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) supports the negotiation and sharing of private keys with unconditional security between authorized parties. Over the years, theoretical advances and experimental demonstrations have successfully transitioned…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-17 Haoran Zhang , Haotao Zhu , Ruihua He , Yan Zhang , Chao Ding , Lajos Hanzo , Weibo Gao

Distributed quantum information processing seeks to overcome the scalability limitations of monolithic quantum devices by interconnecting multiple quantum processing nodes via classical and quantum communication. This approach extends the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Johannes Knörzer , Xiaoyu Liu , Benjamin F. Schiffer , Jordi Tura

Existing quantum routing implicitly mimics classical routing principles, with finding the ``best'' path (aka pathfinding), according to a selected routing metric, as a core mechanism for establishing end-to-end entanglement. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Si-Yi Chen , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti , Marcello Caleffi

Quantum networks of quantum objects promise to be exponentially more powerful than the objects considered independently. To live up to this promise will require the development of error mitigation and correction strategies to preserve…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) networks enable unconditionally secure key exchange using quantum mechanical principles. However, routing cryptographic keys across multi-hop quantum networks introduces challenges unique to quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Ivan Cvitic , Dragan Perakovic , Armando Nolasco Pinto

The power of quantum computers is still somewhat speculative. While they are certainly faster than classical ones at some tasks, the class of problems they can efficiently solve has not been mapped definitively onto known classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-09 N. H. Nguyen , E. C. Behrman , M. A. Moustafa , J. E. Steck

Modular architectures are a promising approach to scaling quantum computers beyond the limits of monolithic designs. However, non-local communications between different quantum processors might significantly impact overall system…

Quantum Information Networks (QINs) attract increasing interest, as they enable connecting quantum devices over long distances, thus greatly enhancing their intrinsic computing, sensing, and security capabilities. The core mechanism of a…

In a world where Quantum Networks are rapidly becoming a reality, the development of the Quantum Internet is gaining increasing interest. Nevertheless, modern quantum networks are still in the early stages of development and have limited…