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Related papers: Neural Logic Machines

200 papers

Human reasoning can often be understood as an interplay between two systems: the intuitive and associative ("System 1") and the deliberative and logical ("System 2"). Neural sequence models -- which have been increasingly successful at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Maxwell Nye , Michael Henry Tessler , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Brenden M. Lake

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong general-purpose reasoning capabilities, yet they frequently hallucinate when used as world models (WMs), where strict compliance with deterministic transition rules--particularly in corner…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hongyu Zhao , Siyu Zhou , Haolin Yang , Zengyi Qin , Tianyi Zhou

The recent developments and growing interest in neural-symbolic models has shown that hybrid approaches can offer richer models for Artificial Intelligence. The integration of effective relational learning and reasoning methods is one of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Henrique Lemos , Pedro Avelar , Marcelo Prates , Luís Lamb , Artur Garcez

A key objective in the field of artificial intelligence is to develop cognitive models that can exhibit human-like intellectual capabilities. One promising approach to achieving this is through neural-symbolic systems, which combine the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Dongran Yu , Xueyan Liu , Shirui Pan , Anchen Li , Bo Yang

Many reasoning, planning, and problem-solving tasks share an intrinsic algorithmic nature: correctly simulating each step is a sufficient condition to solve them correctly. This work studies to what extent Large Language Models (LLMs) can…

Human reasoning relies on constructing and manipulating mental models -- simplified internal representations of situations used to understand and solve problems. Conceptual diagrams (e.g., a sketch drawn to aid reasoning) externalize these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nasim Borazjanizadeh , Roei Herzig , Eduard Oks , Trevor Darrell , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky

Large Language Models (LLMs) still struggle with multi-step logical reasoning. Existing approaches either purely refine the reasoning chain in natural language form or attach a symbolic solver as an external module. In this work, we instead…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Feihao Fang , My T. Thai , Yuanyuan Lei

Cognitive systems generally require a human to translate a problem definition into some specification that the cognitive system can use to attempt to solve the problem or perform the task. In this paper, we illustrate that large language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Robert E. Wray , James R. Kirk , John E. Laird

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise as robotic planners but often struggle with long-horizon and complex tasks, especially in specialized environments requiring external knowledge. While hierarchical planning and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Cristina Cornelio , Flavio Petruzzellis , Pietro Lio

Existing math datasets evaluate the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) by either using the final answer or the intermediate reasoning steps derived from static examples. However, the former approach fails to surface model's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Xiaodong Yu , Ben Zhou , Hao Cheng , Dan Roth

Neural Module Networks, originally proposed for the task of visual question answering, are a class of neural network architectures that involve human-specified neural modules, each designed for a specific form of reasoning. In current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Vardaan Pahuja , Jie Fu , Sarath Chandar , Christopher J. Pal

This work presents a novel systematic methodology to analyse the capabilities and limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) with feedback from a formal inference engine, on logic theory induction. The analysis is complexity-graded w.r.t.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 João Pedro Gandarela , Danilo S. Carvalho , André Freitas

Pre-trained language models (LMs) have shown remarkable reasoning performance using explanations or chain-of-thoughts (CoT)) for in-context learning. On the other hand, these reasoning tasks are usually presumed to be more approachable for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Yi-Fan Zhang , Hanlin Zhang , Li Erran Li , Eric Xing

Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have reported high accuracy on reasoning benchmarks. However, it is still unclear whether the observed results arise from true reasoning or from statistical recall of the training set. Inspired by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Xinnuo Xu , Rachel Lawrence , Kshitij Dubey , Atharva Pandey , Risa Ueno , Fabian Falck , Aditya V. Nori , Rahul Sharma , Amit Sharma , Javier Gonzalez

Exploring the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in puzzle solving unveils critical insights into their potential and challenges in AI, marking a significant step towards understanding their applicability in complex reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Panagiotis Giadikiaroglou , Maria Lymperaiou , Giorgos Filandrianos , Giorgos Stamou

This article explores the convergence of connectionist and symbolic artificial intelligence (AI), from historical debates to contemporary advancements. Traditionally considered distinct paradigms, connectionist AI focuses on neural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Haoyi Xiong , Zhiyuan Wang , Xuhong Li , Jiang Bian , Zeke Xie , Shahid Mumtaz , Anwer Al-Dulaimi , Laura E. Barnes

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but they exhibit problems with logical consistency in the output they generate. How can we harness LLMs' broad-coverage…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Bradley P. Allen , Prateek Chhikara , Thomas Macaulay Ferguson , Filip Ilievski , Paul Groth

We propose neural-symbolic integration for abstract concept explanation and interactive learning. Neural-symbolic integration and explanation allow users and domain-experts to learn about the data-driven decision making process of large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Benedikt Wagner , Artur d'Avila Garcez

Large language models (LLMs) excel on a variety of reasoning benchmarks, but previous studies suggest they sometimes struggle to generalize to unseen questions, potentially due to over-reliance on memorized training examples. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yihuai Hong , Dian Zhou , Meng Cao , Lei Yu , Zhijing Jin

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have made reasoning a central benchmark for evaluating intelligence. While prior surveys focus on efficiency by examining how to shorten reasoning chains or reduce computation, this view…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Chao Wu , Baoheng Li , Mingchen Gao , Yu Tian , Zhenyi Wang