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Underground water and wastewater pipelines are vital for city operations but plagued by anomalies like leaks and infiltrations, causing substantial water loss, environmental damage, and high repair costs. Conventional manual inspections…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Qiming Guo , Bishal Khatri , Hua Zhang , Wenlu Wang

Soil moisture is critical component of crop health and monitoring it can enable further actions for increasing yield or preventing catastrophic die off. As climate change increases the likelihood of extreme weather events and reduces the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-28 Conrad James Foley , Sagar Vaze , Mohamed El Amine Seddiq , Alexey Unagaev , Natalia Efremova

Water plays a pivotal role in many physical processes, and most importantly in sustaining human life, animal life and plant life. Water supply entities therefore have the responsibility to supply clean and safe water at the rate required by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Ishmael S. Msiza , Fulufhelo V. Nelwamondo , Tshilidzi Marwala

Accurate water consumption forecasting is a crucial tool for water utilities and policymakers, as it helps ensure a reliable supply, optimize operations, and support infrastructure planning. Urban Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) are…

Wheat is the main agricultural crop of Pakistan and is a staple food requirement of almost every Pakistani household making it the main strategic commodity of the country whose availability and affordability is the government's main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Ahmed Rasheed , Muhammad Shahzad Younis , Farooq Ahmad , Junaid Qadir , Muhammad Kashif

Downscaling is necessary to generate high-resolution observation data to validate the climate model forecast or monitor rainfall at the micro-regional level operationally. Dynamical and statistical downscaling models are often used to get…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Bipin Kumar , Rajib Chattopadhyay , Manmeet Singh , Niraj Chaudhari , Karthik Kodari , Amit Barve

Accurate prediction of crop yield is critical for supporting food security, agricultural planning, and economic decision-making. However, yield forecasting remains a significant challenge due to the complex and nonlinear relationships…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-09 Yeonjoo Park , Bo Li , Yehua Li

Multilayer neural networks set the current state of the art for many technical classification problems. But, these networks are still, essentially, black boxes in terms of analyzing them and predicting their performance. Here, we develop a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Denis Kleyko , Antonello Rosato , E. Paxon Frady , Massimo Panella , Friedrich T. Sommer

Accurate and timely prediction of heavy rainfall events is crucial for effective flood risk management and disaster preparedness. By monitoring, analysing, and evaluating rainfall data at a local level, it is not only possible to take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Edwin Salcedo

Weather forecasting remains a crucial yet challenging domain, where recently developed models based on deep learning (DL) have approached the performance of traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. However, these DL models,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-02-13 Zhanxiang Hua , Yutong He , Chengqian Ma , Alexandra Anderson-Frey

Currently, the issue that concerns the world leaders most is climate change for its effect on agriculture, environment and economies of daily life. So, to combat this, temperature prediction with strong accuracy is vital. So far, the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Wasiou Jaharabi , MD Ibrahim Al Hossain , Rownak Tahmid , Md. Zuhayer Islam , T. M. Saad Rayhan

Numerical weather prediction has traditionally been based on physical models of the atmosphere. Recently, however, the rise of deep learning has created increased interest in purely data-driven medium-range weather forecasting with first…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-03-17 Stephan Rasp , Nils Thuerey

Rainfall is an essential hydrological component, and most of the economic activities of an agrarian country like Bangladesh depend on rainfall. An accurate rainfall forecast can help make necessary decisions and reduce the damages caused by…

Applications · Statistics 2025-11-17 Rezoanoor Rahman , Fariha Taskin

Wind power forecasting helps with the planning for the power systems by contributing to having a higher level of certainty in decision-making. Due to the randomness inherent to meteorological events (e.g., wind speeds), making highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Syed Kazmi , Berk Gorgulu , Mucahit Cevik , Mustafa Gokce Baydogan

Designing early warning system for precipitation requires accurate short-term forecasting system. Climate change has led to an increase in frequency of extreme weather events, and hence such systems can prevent disasters and loss of life.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Ajitabh Kumar

Multiple studies have now demonstrated that machine learning (ML) can give improved skill for predicting or simulating fairly typical weather events, for tasks such as short-term and seasonal weather forecasting, downscaling simulations to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-08-30 Peter AG Watson

Space weather indices are used commonly to drive forecasts of thermosphere density, which directly affects objects in low-Earth orbit (LEO) through atmospheric drag. One of the most commonly used space weather proxies, $F_{10.7 cm}$,…

Space Physics · Physics 2023-06-06 Joshua D. Daniell , Piyush M. Mehta

Climate change is posing new challenges to crop-related concerns including food insecurity, supply stability and economic planning. As one of the central challenges, crop yield prediction has become a pressing task in the machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Joshua Fan , Junwen Bai , Zhiyun Li , Ariel Ortiz-Bobea , Carla P. Gomes

AI weather prediction has advanced rapidly, yet no unified mathematical framework explains what determines forecast skill. Existing theory addresses specific architectural choices rather than the learning pipeline as a whole, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Piyush Garg , Diana R. Gergel , Andrew E. Shao , Galen J. Yacalis

In this work we combine representation learning capabilities of neural network with agricultural knowledge from experts to model environmental heat and drought stresses. We first design deterministic expert models which serve as a benchmark…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Kostadin Cvejoski , Jannis Schuecker , Anne-Katrin Mahlein , Bogdan Georgiev