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Outlying observations are frequently encountered across a wide spectrum of scientific domains, posing notable challenges to the generalizability of statistical models and the reproducibility of downstream analysis. They are identified…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-17 Dongliang Zhang , Masoud Asgharian , Martin A. Lindquist

Trajectory prediction is central to the safe and seamless operation of autonomous vehicles (AVs). In deployment, however, prediction models inevitably face distribution shifts between training data and real-world conditions, where rare or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Tongfei Guo , Lili Su

Statistical depth, a commonly used analytic tool in non-parametric statistics, has been extensively studied for multivariate and functional observations over the past few decades. Although various forms of depth were introduced, they are…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-09-30 Weilong Zhao , Zishen Xu , Yun Yang , Wei Wu

The advent of compact, handheld devices has given us a pool of tracked movement data that could be used to infer trends and patterns that can be made to use. With this flooding of various trajectory data of animals, humans, vehicles, etc.,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-12 Salman Haidri

Accurate aircraft trajectory prediction is critical for air traffic management, airline operations, and environmental assessment. This paper introduces NODE-FDM, a Neural Ordinary Differential Equations-based Flight Dynamics Model trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Gabriel Jarry , Ramon Dalmau , Xavier Olive , Philippe Very

Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) has gained extensive attention in recent years due to its potential applications in traffic and pedestrian detection. We note that tracking by detection may suffer from errors generated by noise detectors, such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 ZongTan Li

Detecting anomalies in crowded video scenes is critical for public safety, enabling timely identification of potential threats. This study explores video anomaly detection within a Functional Data Analysis framework, focusing on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zuzheng Wang , Fouzi Harrou , Ying Sun , Marc G Genton

Classical multivariate statistics measures the outlyingness of a point by its Mahalanobis distance from the mean, which is based on the mean and the covariance matrix of the data. A multivariate depth function is a function which, given a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-06 Karl Mosler , Pavlo Mozharovskyi

This paper proposes a graph-based approach to representing spatio-temporal trajectory data that allows an effective visualization and characterization of city-wide traffic dynamics. With the advance of sensor, mobile, and Internet of Things…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Jiwon Kim , Kai Zheng , Jonathan Corcoran , Sanghyung Ahn , Marty Papamanolis

Understanding the temporal properties of longitudinal data is critical for identifying trends, predicting future events, and making informed decisions in any field where temporal data is analysed, including health and epidemiology, finance,…

Functional data present unique challenges for clustering due to their infinite-dimensional nature and potential sensitivity to outliers. An extension of the OCLUST algorithm to the functional setting is proposed to address these issues. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-06 Katharine M. Clark , Paul D. McNicholas

Clustering algorithms fundamentally group data points by characteristics to identify patterns. Over the past two decades, researchers have extended these methods to analyze trajectories of humans, animals, and vehicles, studying their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Atieh Rahmani , Mansoor Davoodi , Justin M. Calabrese

In an industrial context, the activity of sensors is recorded at a high frequency. A challenge is to automatically detect abnormal measurement behavior. Considering the sensor measures as functional data, the problem can be formulated as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-09 Martial Amovin-Assagba , Irène Gannaz , Julien Jacques

The use of quantiles to obtain insights about multivariate data is addressed. It is argued that incisive insights can be obtained by considering directional quantiles, the quantiles of projections. Directional quantile envelopes are…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-12-01 Linglong Kong , Ivan Mizera

Smart metering infrastructures collect data almost continuously in the form of fine-grained long time series. These massive data series often have common daily patterns that are repeated between similar days or seasons and shared among…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-10 A. Elías , J. M. Morales , S. Pineda

Statistical tools are crucial for studying and modeling turbulent flows, where chaotic velocity fluctuations span a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Advances in image velocimetry, especially in tracking-based methods, now allow…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-02-19 Miguel A. Mendez , Manuel Ratz , Damien Rigutto

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential to prevent anomalous inputs from causing a model to fail during deployment. While improved OOD detection methods have emerged, they often rely on the final layer outputs and require a full…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Ziqian Lin , Sreya Dutta Roy , Yixuan Li

Trajectory analysis is essential in many applications. In this paper, we address the problem of representing motion trajectories in a highly informative way, and consequently utilize it for analyzing trajectories. Our approach first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-27 Weiyao Lin , Yang Zhou , Hongteng Xu , Junchi Yan , Mingliang Xu , Jianxin Wu , Zicheng Liu

In the domain of rotating machinery, bearings are vulnerable to different mechanical faults, including ball, inner, and outer race faults. Various techniques can be used in condition-based monitoring, from classical signal analysis to deep…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-26 Victoria Jorry , Zina-Sabrina Duma , Tuomas Sihvonen , Satu-Pia Reinikainen , Lassi Roininen

Mining the underlying patterns in gigantic and complex data is of great importance to data analysts. In this paper, we propose a motion pattern approach to mine frequent behaviors in trajectory data. Motion patterns, defined by a set of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-01-06 Mahdi M. Kalayeh , Stephen Mussmann , Alla Petrakova , Niels da Vitoria Lobo , Mubarak Shah