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Fine-tuning LLMs for classification typically maps inputs directly to labels. We ask whether attaching brief explanations to each label during fine-tuning yields better models. We evaluate conversational response quality along three axes:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Vivswan Shah , Randy Cogill , Hanwei Yue , Gopinath Chennupati , Rinat Khaziev

Rigorous evaluation of the causal effects of semantic features on language model predictions can be hard to achieve for natural language reasoning problems. However, this is such a desirable form of analysis from both an interpretability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Julia Rozanova , Marco Valentino , André Freitas

Deep learning (DL) based language models achieve high performance on various benchmarks for Natural Language Inference (NLI). And at this time, symbolic approaches to NLI are receiving less attention. Both approaches (symbolic and DL) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Zeming Chen , Qiyue Gao , Lawrence S. Moss

A major challenge in evaluating data-to-text (D2T) generation is measuring the semantic accuracy of the generated text, i.e. checking if the output text contains all and only facts supported by the input data. We propose a new metric for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Ondřej Dušek , Zdeněk Kasner

Explainability of neural network prediction is essential to understand feature importance and gain interpretable insight into neural network performance. However, explanations of neural network outcomes are mostly limited to visualization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Arnab Neelim Mazumder , Niall Lyons , Ashutosh Pandey , Avik Santra , Tinoosh Mohsenin

Recently, the Natural Language Inference (NLI) task has been studied for semi-structured tables that do not have a strict format. Although neural approaches have achieved high performance in various types of NLI, including NLI between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Tomoya Kurosawa , Hitomi Yanaka

Natural Language Inference (NLI), also known as Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE), is one of the most important problems in natural language processing. It requires to infer the logical relationship between two given sentences. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Boyuan Pan , Yazheng Yang , Zhou Zhao , Yueting Zhuang , Deng Cai , Xiaofei He

Many natural language inference (NLI) datasets contain biases that allow models to perform well by only using a biased subset of the input, without considering the remainder features. For instance, models are able to make a classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Dimion Asael , Zachary Ziegler , Yonatan Belinkov

The classification of short texts is a common subtask in Information Retrieval (IR). Recent advances in graph machine learning have led to interest in graph-based approaches for low resource scenarios, showing promise in such settings.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Gregor Donabauer , Udo Kruschwitz

Can attention- or gradient-based visualization techniques be used to infer token-level labels for binary sequence tagging problems, using networks trained only on sentence-level labels? We construct a neural network architecture based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Marek Rei , Anders Søgaard

Language models are often trained to maximize the likelihood of the next token given past tokens in the training dataset. However, during inference time, they are utilized differently, generating text sequentially and auto-regressively by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Zhepeng Cen , Yao Liu , Siliang Zeng , Pratik Chaudhari , Huzefa Rangwala , George Karypis , Rasool Fakoor

In the rapidly evolving field of Explainable Natural Language Processing (NLP), textual explanations, i.e., human-like rationales, are pivotal for explaining model predictions and enriching datasets with interpretable labels. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mahdi Dhaini , Juraj Vladika , Ege Erdogan , Zineb Attaoui , Gjergji Kasneci

This position paper argues that annotation disagreement in Natural Language Inference (NLI) is not mere noise but often reflects meaningful variation, especially when triggered by ambiguity in the premise or hypothesis. While underspecified…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Chathuri Jayaweera , Bonnie J. Dorr

Natural language inference (NLI) is an increasingly important task for natural language understanding, which requires one to infer the relationship between the sentence pair (premise and hypothesis). Many recent works have used contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Shu'ang Li , Xuming Hu , Li Lin , Lijie Wen

Comparative constructions pose a challenge in Natural Language Inference (NLI), which is the task of determining whether a text entails a hypothesis. Comparatives are structurally complex in that they interact with other linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Izumi Haruta , Koji Mineshima , Daisuke Bekki

In order to reveal the rationale behind model predictions, many works have exploited providing explanations in various forms. Recently, to further guarantee readability, more and more works turn to generate sentence-level human language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Yan Liu , Xiaokang Chen , Qi Dai

This paper introduces a novel approach for identifying the possible large language models (LLMs) involved in text generation. Instead of adding an additional classification layer to a base LM, we reframe the classification task as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Yutian Chen , Hao Kang , Vivian Zhai , Liangze Li , Rita Singh , Bhiksha Raj

Human label variation (Plank 2022), or annotation disagreement, exists in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. To be robust and trusted, NLP models need to identify such variation and be able to explain it. To this end, we created…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Nan-Jiang Jiang , Chenhao Tan , Marie-Catherine de Marneffe

In this work we use the recent advances in representation learning to propose a neural architecture for the problem of natural language inference. Our approach is aligned to mimic how a human does the natural language inference process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-30 Biswajit Paria , K. M. Annervaz , Ambedkar Dukkipati , Ankush Chatterjee , Sanjay Podder

Existing curriculum learning approaches to Neural Machine Translation (NMT) require sampling sufficient amounts of "easy" samples from training data at the early training stage. This is not always achievable for low-resource languages where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Chen Liang , Haoming Jiang , Xiaodong Liu , Pengcheng He , Weizhu Chen , Jianfeng Gao , Tuo Zhao