Related papers: Thermodynamic constraints on matter creation model…
A maximum entropy-based framework is presented for the synthesis of projections from multiple Earth climate models. This identifies the most representative (most probable) model from a set of climate models -- as defined by specified…
Deriving the laws of thermodynamics from a microscopic picture is a central quest of statistical mechanics. This tutorial focuses on the derivation of the first and second law for closed and open quantum systems far from equilibrium, where…
Computations of entropy in thermodynamics rely on discreteness of the spectra of the subsystems. We argue that, for cases with continuous spectra (typically, radiation), there is a useful definition of entropy flow based on discretizing the…
By a simple physical consideration and uncertain principle, we derive that temperature is proportional to the surface gravity and entropy is proportional to the surface area of the black hole. We apply the same consideration to de Sitter…
By using the Jacobi metric of the configuration space, and assuming ergodicity, we calculate the Boltzmann entropy $S$ of a finite-dimensional system around a non-degenerate critical point of its potential energy $V$. We compare $S$ with…
Nonequilibrium processes break time-reversal symmetry and generate entropy. Living systems are driven out-of-equilibrium at the microscopic level of molecular motors that exploit chemical potential gradients to transduce free energy to…
We develop a geometric framework for irreversible transport phenomena in which macroscopic evolution equations arise from the combined structure of a thermodynamic state metric and an Onsager-based dissipation metric. The construction…
In this paper we exploit two equivalent formulations of the average rate of material entropy production in a planetary system to propose an approximate splitting between contributions due to vertical and eminently horizontal processes. Our…
The science of thermodynamics was put together in the Nineteenth Century to describe large systems in equilibrium. One part of thermodynamics defines entropy for equilibrium systems and demands an ever-increasing entropy for non-equilibrium…
This chapter concerns "control volume analysis", the standard engineering tool for the analysis of flow systems, and its application to entropy balance calculations. Firstly, the principles of control volume analysis are enunciated and…
The thermodynamic entropy of coarse-grained (CG) models stands as one of the most important properties for quantifying the missing information during the CG process and for establishing transferable (or extendible) CG interactions. However,…
On the basis of a large scale 'adiabatic', namely non-radiative and non-dissipative, cosmological smooth particle hydrodynamic simulation we compare the entropy profiles of the gas and the dark matter (DM) in galaxy clusters. The quantity…
The thermodynamical one-loop entropy $S^{TD}$ of a two-dimensional black hole in thermal equilibrium with the massless quantum gas is calculated. It is shown that $S^{TD}$ includes the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, evaluated for the quantum…
Entropy production is arguably the most universally applicable measure of non-equilibrium behavior, particularly for systems coupled to a heat bath. This setting encompasses driven soft matter as well as biomolecular, biochemical, and…
For a general maximally symmetric (spherically, plane or hyperbola symmetric) holographic screen, we rewrite the equations of motion of general Lovelock gravity into the form of some generalized first law of thermodynamics, under certain…
It is known that the equilibrium properties of open classical systems that are strongly coupled to a heat bath are described by a set of thermodynamic potentials related to the system's Hamiltonian of mean force. By adapting this framework…
Through the consideration of spherically symmetric gravitating systems consisting of perfect fluids with linear equation of state constrained to be in a finite volume, an account is given of the properties of entropy at conditions in which…
Model independent arguments following from the Covariant Entropy Principle imply that causal diamonds in the very early universe were entirely filled with a single equilibrated system with finite entropy. A universe where this condition…
Different methods of calculation of quantum corrections to the thermodynamical characteristics of a black hole are discussed and compared. The relation between on-shell and off-shell approaches is established. The off-shell methods are used…
Using fluorescence spectroscopy we directly measure entropy production of a single two-level system realized experimentally as an optically driven defect center in diamond. We exploit a recent suggestion to define entropy on the level of a…