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We prove that the isomorphism problem for finitely generated fully residually free groups is decidable. We also show that each finitely generated fully residually free group G has a decomposition that is invariant under automorphisms of G,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Inna Bumagin , Olga Kharlampovich , Alexei Miasnikov

We derive a formula for expressing free cumulants whose entries are products of random variables in terms of the lattice structure of non-crossing partitions. We show the usefulness of that result by giving direct and conceptually simple…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bernadette Krawczyk , Roland Speicher

Using an analogue of Makanin-Razborov diagrams, we give a description of the solution set of systems of equations over an equationally Noetherian free product of groups $G$. Equivalently, we give a parametrisation of the set $Hom(H, G)$ of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2009-03-13 Montserrat Casals-Ruiz , Ilya Kazachkov

Let $F \ast G$ be a free product of a free group $F$ and a LERF group $G$. In this note, we provide sufficient conditions for a subgroup $H$ of $F \ast G$ to be $\mathcal{A} \cup \mathcal{S}$-separable, that is, for any finite set…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Dongxiao Zhao , Qiang Zhang

We prove that, for p an odd prime, every finite p-group of rank 3 acts freely on a finite complex X homotopy equivalent to a product of three spheres.

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Michele Klaus

Factors $\frac{X}{Y}$ in a free group $F$ with $Y$ normal in $X$ are considered. Precise results on the free structure of ${Y}$ relative to the free structure of ${X}$ when $\frac{X}{Y}$ is abelian are obtained. Some extensions and…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2009-07-14 Ted Hurley

It is a classical theorem that the free product of ordered groups is orderable. In this note we show that, using a method of G. Bergman, an ordering of the free product can be constructed in a functorial manner, in the category of ordered…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-16 Dale Rolfsen

We show that any lattice in $\mathrm{SL}_3(k)$, where $k$ is a nonarchimedean local field, contains an undistorted subgroup isomorphic to the free product $\mathbb{Z}^2*\mathbb{Z}$. To our knowledge, the subgroups we construct give the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-21 Sami Douba , Dmitry Kubrak , Konstantinos Tsouvalas

In this paper, we construct countably many isolated circular orders on the free products $G = F_{2n} \ast \mathbb{Z}_{m_1} \ast \cdots \ast \mathbb{Z}_{m_k}$ of cyclic groups. Moreover, we prove that these isolated circular orders are not…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Chihaya Jibiki , Shuhei Maruyama

We build two non-abelian CSA-groups in which maximal abelian subgroups are conjugate and divisible.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Eric Jaligot , Azadeh Neman

Suppose that $\mathcal{C}$ is a root class of groups (i.e., a class of groups that contains non-trivial groups and is closed under taking subgroups and unrestricted wreath products), $G$ is the free product of residually…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-31 E. V. Sokolov

We define a notion of cofibration among n-categories and show that the cofibrant objects are exactly the free ones, that is those generated by polygraphs.

Category Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Francois Metayer

A group has normal rank (or weight) greater than one if no single element normally generates the group. The Wiegold problem from 1976 asks about the existence of a finitely generated perfect group of normal rank greater than one. We show…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Lvzhou Chen , Yash Lodha

We prove that every unconditionally closed subset of a free group is algebraic, thereby answering affirmatively a 76 years old problem of Markov for free groups. In modern terminology, this means that Markov and Zariski topologies coincide…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-18 Dmitri Shakhmatov , Víctor Hugo Yañez

We study the freeness problem for matrix semigroups. We show that the freeness problem is decidable for upper-triangular $2\times 2$ matrices with rational entries when the products are restricted to certain bounded languages.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-04-08 Émilie Charlier , Juha Honkala

We prove that a free profinite (pro-$p$) product over a set converging to 1 of countably many Demushkin groups of rank $\aleph_0$, $G_i$, that can be realized as absolute Galois groups, is isomorphic to an absolute Galois group if and only…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Tamar Bar-On

We give a general description of the discrete decompositions of type III factors arising as central summands of free product von Neumann algebras based on our previous works. This enables us to give several precise structural results on…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2019-05-21 Yoshimichi Ueda

Given nontrivial finite groups $A$ and $B$, not both of order 2, we prove that every finite simple group of sufficiently large rank is an image of the free product $A \ast B$. To show this, we prove that every finite simple group of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-05 Carlisle S. H. King

We construct a new family of examples of parabolically geometrically finite subgroups of the mapping class group in the sense of Dowdall-Durham-Leininger-Sisto and prove they are undistorted in Mod($S$).

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-04-09 Christopher Loa

Let f: G=* G(i) -> B=* B(i) be a group homomorphism between free products of groups. Suppose that G(i)f=B(i) of all i. Let H be a subgroup of G such that Hf=B. Then H decomposes into a free product H=*H(i) with H(i)f=B(i). Furthermore, H(i)…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Gabor Braun
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