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This paper proposes a novel deep learning architecture for semantic segmentation. The proposed Global and Selective Attention Network (GSANet) features Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) with a novel sparsemax global attention and a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Qingfeng Liu , Mostafa El-Khamy , Dongwoon Bai , Jungwon Lee

Convolutional layers in Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) treat the channel features equally without feature selection flexibility. While using ANNs for image denoising in real-world applications with unknown noise distributions,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-24 Huayu Li , Haiyu Wu , Xiwen Chen , Hanning Zhang , Abolfazl Razi

Most convolutional neural networks use some method for gradually downscaling the size of the hidden layers. This is commonly referred to as pooling, and is applied to reduce the number of parameters, improve invariance to certain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Faraz Saeedan , Nicolas Weber , Michael Goesele , Stefan Roth

Efficient custom pooling techniques that can aggressively trim the dimensions of a feature map and thereby reduce inference compute and memory footprint for resource-constrained computer vision applications have recently gained significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Fang Chen , Gourav Datta , Souvik Kundu , Peter Beerel

Graph Representation Learning (GRL) is an influential methodology, enabling a more profound understanding of graph-structured data and aiding graph clustering, a critical task across various domains. The recent incursion of attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Shuo Han , Jiacheng Liu , Jiayun Wu , Yinan Chen , Li Tao

The spatial attention mechanism captures long-range dependencies by aggregating global contextual information to each query location, which is beneficial for semantic segmentation. In this paper, we present a sparse spatial attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Mengyu Liu , Hujun Yin

Attention mechanisms play a crucial role in the neural revolution of Natural Language Processing (NLP). With the growth of attention-based models, several pruning techniques have been developed to identify and exploit sparseness, making…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Ileana Rugina , Rumen Dangovski , Li Jing , Preslav Nakov , Marin Soljačić

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been widely used to learn vector representation of graph-structured data and achieved better task performance than conventional methods. The foundation of GNNs is the message passing procedure, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Takeshi D. Itoh , Takatomi Kubo , Kazushi Ikeda

We introduce a simple and effective method for regularizing large convolutional neural networks. We replace the conventional deterministic pooling operations with a stochastic procedure, randomly picking the activation within each pooling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-17 Matthew D. Zeiler , Rob Fergus

In this paper, we propose Selective Output Smoothing Regularization, a novel regularization method for training the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Inspired by the diverse effects on training from different samples, Selective Output…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Xuan Cheng , Tianshu Xie , Xiaomin Wang , Qifeng Weng , Minghui Liu , Jiali Deng , Ming Liu

Probabilistic circuits (PCs) have become the de-facto standard for learning and inference in probabilistic modeling. We introduce Sum-Product-Attention Networks (SPAN), a new generative model that integrates probabilistic circuits with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Zhongjie Yu , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

Brain tumors are highly heterogeneous in terms of their spatial and scaling characteristics, making tumor segmentation in medical images a difficult task that might result in wrong diagnosis and therapy. Automation of a task like tumor…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-24 Satyaki Roy Chowdhury , Golrokh Mirzaei

In this work we introduce attention as a state of the art mechanism for classification of radio galaxies using convolutional neural networks. We present an attention-based model that performs on par with previous classifiers while using…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-02-02 Micah Bowles , Anna M. M. Scaife , Fiona Porter , Hongming Tang , David J. Bastien

In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with channel-wise feature refining mechanisms have brought noticeable benefits to modelling channel dependencies. However, current attention paradigms fail to infer an optimal channel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Nick Nikzad , Yongsheng Gao , Jun Zhou

Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) offer a robust and interpretable approach to image classification, making them a promising choice for microscopy image analysis. However, a performance gap remains between NCA and larger, more complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Chen Yang , Michael Deutges , Jingsong Liu , Han Li , Nassir Navab , Carsten Marr , Ario Sadafi

Graph Neural networks (GNNs) have recently become a powerful technique for many graph-related tasks including graph classification. Current GNN models apply different graph pooling methods that reduce the number of nodes and edges to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Muhammad Ifte Khairul Islam , Max Khanov , Esra Akbas

The goal of this paper is to introduce pooling strategies for simplicial convolutional neural networks. Inspired by graph pooling methods, we introduce a general formulation for a simplicial pooling layer that performs: i) local aggregation…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-12 Domenico Mattia Cinque , Claudio Battiloro , Paolo Di Lorenzo

Transformer-based architectures achieve state-of-the-art performance across a wide range of tasks in natural language processing, computer vision, and speech processing. However, their immense capacity often leads to overfitting, especially…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Mirza Samad Ahmed Baig , Syeda Anshrah Gillani , Abdul Akbar Khan , Shahid Munir Shah , Muhammad Omer Khan

Channel and spatial attention mechanisms introduced by earlier works enhance the representation abilities of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) but often lead to increased parameter and computation costs. While recent approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Rishabh Sabharwal , Ram Samarth B B , Parikshit Singh Rathore , Punit Rathore

This paper explores the impact of dimensionality reduction and pooling methods for Environmental Sound Classification (ESC) using lightweight CNNs. We evaluate Sparse Salient Region Pooling (SSRP) and its variants, SSRP-Basic (SSRP-B) and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-14 Parinaz Binandeh Dehaghani , Danilo Pena , A. Pedro Aguiar