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We study the $\ell_0$-Low Rank Approximation Problem, where the goal is, given an $m \times n$ matrix $A$, to output a rank-$k$ matrix $A'$ for which $\|A'-A\|_0$ is minimized. Here, for a matrix $B$, $\|B\|_0$ denotes the number of its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-10-02 Karl Bringmann , Pavel Kolev , David P. Woodruff

The weighted low-rank approximation problem is a fundamental numerical linear algebra problem and has many applications in machine learning. Given a $n \times n$ weight matrix $W$ and a $n \times n$ matrix $A$, the goal is to find two…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Chenyang Li , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song

We introduce and study the problem of consistent low-rank approximation, in which rows of an input matrix $\mathbf{A}\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times d}$ arrive sequentially and the goal is to provide a sequence of subspaces that well-approximate the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-03 David P. Woodruff , Samson Zhou

The classical low rank approximation problem is to find a rank $k$ matrix $UV$ (where $U$ has $k$ columns and $V$ has $k$ rows) that minimizes the Frobenius norm of $A - UV$. Although this problem can be solved efficiently, we study an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Frank Ban , David Woodruff , Qiuyi Zhang

We provide a number of algorithmic results for the following family of problems: For a given binary m\times n matrix A and integer k, decide whether there is a "simple" binary matrix B which differs from A in at most k entries. For an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Fedor V. Fomin , Petr A. Golovach , Fahad Panolan

Weighted low rank approximation is a fundamental problem in numerical linear algebra, and it has many applications in machine learning. Given a matrix $M \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}$, a non-negative weight matrix $W \in \mathbb{R}_{\geq…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zhao Song , Mingquan Ye , Junze Yin , Lichen Zhang

We study the $\ell_1$-low rank approximation problem, where for a given $n \times d$ matrix $A$ and approximation factor $\alpha \geq 1$, the goal is to output a rank-$k$ matrix $\widehat{A}$ for which $$\|A-\widehat{A}\|_1 \leq \alpha…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Zhao Song , David P. Woodruff , Peilin Zhong

Minimizing the rank of a matrix subject to constraints is a challenging problem that arises in many applications in control theory, machine learning, and discrete geometry. This class of optimization problems, known as rank minimization, is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-17 Benjamin Recht , Weiyu Xu , Babak Hassibi

Given a matrix $A$, the goal of the entrywise low-rank approximation problem is to find $\operatorname{argmin} \|A-B\|_p$ over all rank-$k$ matrices $B$, where $\| \cdot \|_p$ is the entrywise $\ell_p$ norm. When $p = 2$ this well-studied…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Prashanti Anderson , Ainesh Bakshi , Samuel B. Hopkins

We show how to compute a relative-error low-rank approximation to any positive semidefinite (PSD) matrix in sublinear time, i.e., for any $n \times n$ PSD matrix $A$, in $\tilde O(n \cdot poly(k/\epsilon))$ time we output a rank-$k$ matrix…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Cameron Musco , David P. Woodruff

We consider the Low Rank Approximation problem, where the input consists of a matrix $A \in \mathbb{R}^{n_R \times n_C}$ and an integer $k$, and the goal is to find a matrix $B$ of rank at most $k$ that minimizes $\| A - B \|_0$, which is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Vincent Cohen-Addad , Chenglin Fan , Suprovat Ghoshal , Euiwoong Lee , Arnaud de Mesmay , Alantha Newman , Tony Chang Wang

We introduce a "learning-based" algorithm for the low-rank decomposition problem: given an $n \times d$ matrix $A$, and a parameter $k$, compute a rank-$k$ matrix $A'$ that minimizes the approximation loss $\|A-A'\|_F$. The algorithm uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Piotr Indyk , Ali Vakilian , Yang Yuan

Low-rank approximation is a common tool used to accelerate kernel methods: the $n \times n$ kernel matrix $K$ is approximated via a rank-$k$ matrix $\tilde K$ which can be stored in much less space and processed more quickly. In this work…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Cameron Musco , David P. Woodruff

A number of recent works have studied algorithms for entrywise $\ell_p$-low rank approximation, namely, algorithms which given an $n \times d$ matrix $A$ (with $n \geq d$), output a rank-$k$ matrix $B$ minimizing…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Frank Ban , Vijay Bhattiprolu , Karl Bringmann , Pavel Kolev , Euiwoong Lee , David P. Woodruff

Weighted low rank approximation (WLRA) is an important yet computationally challenging primitive with applications ranging from statistical analysis, model compression, and signal processing. To cope with the NP-hardness of this problem,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-06-05 David P. Woodruff , Taisuke Yasuda

We consider the problem of approximating an affinely structured matrix, for example a Hankel matrix, by a low-rank matrix with the same structure. This problem occurs in system identification, signal processing and computer algebra, among…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-06-25 Mariya Ishteva , Konstantin Usevich , Ivan Markovsky

We study distributed low rank approximation in which the matrix to be approximated is only implicitly represented across the different servers. For example, each of $s$ servers may have an $n \times d$ matrix $A^t$, and we may be interested…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-01-29 David P. Woodruff , Peilin Zhong

Matrix approximation is a common tool in machine learning for building accurate prediction models for recommendation systems, text mining, and computer vision. A prevalent assumption in constructing matrix approximations is that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-16 Joonseok Lee , Seungyeon Kim , Guy Lebanon , Yoram Singer

Given an input matrix polynomial whose coefficients are floating point numbers, we consider the problem of finding the nearest matrix polynomial which has rank at most a specified value. This generalizes the problem of finding a nearest…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Mark Giesbrecht , Joseph Haraldson , George Labahn

The low-rank approximation is a complexity reduction technique to approximate a tensor or a matrix with a reduced rank, which has been applied to the simulation of high dimensional problems to reduce the memory required and computational…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 Zhuogang Peng , Ryan McClarren , Martin Frank
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