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Resource theories are a generic approach used to manage any valuable resource, such as entanglement, purity, and asymmetry. Such frameworks are characterized by two main elements: a set of predefined (free) operations and states, that one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Nelly Ng , Mischa P. Woods

The "thermal operations" framework developed in past works is used to model the evolution of microscopic quantum systems in contact with thermal baths. Here we extend this model to bipartite devices with one part acting as a control…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-13 Varun Narasimhachar , Gilad Gour

We review recent work on the foundations of thermodynamics in the light of quantum information theory. We adopt a resource-theoretic perspective, wherein thermodynamics is formulated as a theory of what agents can achieve under a particular…

The resource theory of thermal operations, an established model for small-scale thermodynamics, provides an extension of equilibrium thermodynamics to nonequilibrium situations. On a lattice of any dimension with any translation-invariant…

Thermodynamics has recently been extended to small scales with resource theories that model heat exchanges. Real physical systems exchange diverse quantities: heat, particles, angular momentum, etc. We generalize thermodynamic resource…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-02 Nicole Yunger Halpern , Joseph M. Renes

In this paper we aim to push the analogy between thermodynamics and quantum resource theories one step further. Previous inspirations were based predominantly on thermodynamic considerations concerning scenarios with a single heat bath,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Hanna Wojewódka-Ściążko , Zbigniew Puchała , Kamil Korzekwa

Several recent results on thermodynamics have been obtained using the tools of quantum information theory and resource theories. So far, the resource theories utilised to describe thermodynamics have assumed the existence of an infinite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-16 Carlo Sparaciari , Jonathan Oppenheim , Tobias Fritz

Thermodynamics plays an important role both in the foundations of physics and in technological applications. An operational perspective adopted in recent years is to formulate it as a quantum resource theory. At the core of this theory is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-13 Thomas Theurer , Elia Zanoni , Carlo Maria Scandolo , Gilad Gour

Microcanonical thermodynamics studies the operations that can be performed on systems with well-defined energy. So far, this approach has been applied to classical and quantum systems. Here we extend it to arbitrary physical theories,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-16 Giulio Chiribella , Carlo Maria Scandolo

Active states, from which work can be extracted by time-dependent perturbations, are an important resource for quantum thermodynamics in the absence of heat baths. Here we characterize this resource, establishing a resource theory that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 Swati , Uttam Singh , Giulio Chiribella

Interactions of quantum systems with their environment play a crucial role in resource-theoretic approaches to thermodynamics in the microscopic regime. Here, we analyze the possible state transitions in the presence of "small" heat baths…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-27 Jakob Scharlau , Markus P. Mueller

To what extent do thermodynamic resource theories capture physically relevant constraints? Inspired by quantum computation, we define a set of elementary thermodynamic gates that only act on 2 energy levels of a system at a time. We show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-13 Matteo Lostaglio , Álvaro M. Alhambra , Christopher Perry

The ideas of thermodynamics have proved fruitful in the setting of quantum information theory, in particular the notion that when the allowed transformations of a system are restricted, certain states of the system become useful resources…

Conservation of energy under thermal operations, \textbf{TO}, is ensured by commutation of the unitary generating such operations with the total Hamiltonian. However in realistic scenarios, perturbations or disturbances in the system are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-11 Debarupa Saha , Aparajita Bhattacharyya , Ujjwal Sen

Recent work using tools from quantum information theory has shown that at the nanoscale where quantum effects become prevalent, there is not one thermodynamical second law but many. Derivations of these laws assume that an experimenter has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-19 Chris Perry , Piotr Ćwikliński , Janet Anders , Michał Horodecki , Jonathan Oppenheim

Quantum thermodynamics can be cast as a resource theory by considering free access to a heat bath, thereby viewing the Gibbs state at a fixed temperature as a free state and hence any other state as a resource. Here, we consider a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-09 Uttam Singh , Michael G. Jabbour , Zacharie Van Herstraeten , Nicolas J. Cerf

We extend the tools of quantum resource theories to scenarios in which multiple quantities (or resources) are present, and their interplay governs the evolution of physical systems. We derive conditions for the interconversion of these…

For macroscopic systems, the second law of thermodynamics establishes an inequality between the amount of work performed on a system in contact with a thermal reservoir, and the change in its free energy. For microscopic systems, this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-02-08 Eliran Boksenbojm , Bram Wynants , Christopher Jarzynski

I give a self-contained introduction to the resource theory approach to quantum thermodynamics. I will introduce in an elementary manner the technical machinery necessary to unpack and prove the core statements of the theory. The topics…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-24 Matteo Lostaglio

Thermal engines have been one of the principal topics of thermodynamics ever since its beginning. Today, in the era of the second quantum revolution, although the thermal processes in constant temperatures are relatively well understood in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-09 Jakub Czartowski , Rafał Bistroń
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