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Related papers: Vacuum fluctuation, micro-cyclic "universes" and t…

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In this paper, time variable cosmological constant, dubbed {\it age cosmological constant}, is investigated motivated by the fact: any cosmological length scale and time scale can introduce a cosmological constant or vacuum energy density…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-28 Lixin Xu , Jianbo Lu , Wenbo Li

A variety of observations indicate that the universe is dominated by dark energy with negative pressure, one possibility for which is a cosmological constant. If the dark energy is a cosmological constant, a fundamental question is: Why has…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Maqbool Ahmed , Scott Dodelson , Patrick B. Greene , Rafael Sorkin

We generalize the fractal bubble model (FB), recently proposed in the literature as an alternative to the standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmology, to include a non-zero cosmological constant. We retain the same volume partition of voids and walls…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-01-30 Stefano Viaggiu

There are now evidences that the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ has a non-zero positive value. Alternative scenarios to a pure cosmological constant model are provided by quintessence, an effective negative pressure fluid permeating the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Antonio Vale , Jose' P. S. Lemos

The idea that the cosmological term, Lambda, should be a time dependent quantity in cosmology is a most natural one. It is difficult to conceive an expanding universe with a strictly constant vacuum energy density, namely one that has…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-18 Joan Sola

We investigate the gravitational property of the quantum vacuum by treating its large energy density predicted by quantum field theory seriously and assuming that it does gravitate to obey the equivalence principle of general relativity. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-04-22 Qingdi Wang , Zhen Zhu , William G. Unruh

A new kind of evolution for cyclic models in which the Hubble parameter oscillates and keeps positive has been explored in a specific $f(R,T)$ gravity reconstruction. A singularity-free cyclic universe with negative varying cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-11 Nasr Ahmed , Sultan Z. Alamri

The cosmological constant problem is a fundamental issue that has puzzled researchers in the fields of theoretical physics and cosmology for a long time. It arises from the discrepancy between the observed value of the cosmological constant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-10 Alexander I Nesterov

The theory of cosmological perturbations has become a cornerstone of modern quantitative cosmology since it is the framework which provides the link between the models of the very early Universe such as the inflationary Universe scenario…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-08-23 Robert H. Brandenberger

Arguments are gived for the plausibility that quantum mechanics is a stochastic theory and that many quantum phenomena derive from the existence of a real noise consisting of vacuum fluctuations of all fundamental fields existing in nature.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-26 Emilio Santos

We study cosmological solutions for the very early universe beginning at the Planck scale for a universe containing radiation, curvature and, as a simplification of a possible scalar field potential, a cosmological constant term. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-30 E. Galindo-Dellavalle , G. German , A. de la Macorra

A covariant Lagrangian formulation of a solution to the cosmological constant problem, based on vizualising the fluctuations of the vacuum energy as a non-equilibrium process with stochastic behaviour, is presented. The variational…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 J. W. Moffat

We discuss from the condensed-matter point of view the recent idea that the Poisson fluctuations of cosmological constant about zero could be a source of the observed dark energy. We argue that the thermodynamic fluctuations of Lambda are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 G. E. Volovik

We discuss predictions for cosmology which result from the scaling solution of functional flow equations for a quantum field theory of gravity. A scaling solution is necessary to render quantum gravity renormalizable. Our scaling solution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-13 C. Wetterich

Within conventional big bang cosmology, it has proven to be very difficult to understand why today's cosmological constant is so small. In this paper, we show that a cyclic model of the universe can naturally incorporate a dynamical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-01 Paul J. Steinhardt , Neil Turok

Observations conducted over the last few decades show that the expansion of the Universe is accelerating. In the standard model of cosmology, this accelerated expansion is attributed to a dark energy in the form of a cosmological constant.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-22 Joseph Ryan

We investigate the problem of metric fluctuations in the presence of the vacuum fluctuations of matter fields and critically assess the usual assertion that vacuum energy implies a Planckian cosmological constant. A new stochastic classical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-06-19 Charles H. -T. Wang , Paolo M. Bonifacio , Robert Bingham , J. Tito Mendonca

The energy density of the universe today may be dominated by the vacuum energy of a slowly rolling scalar field. Making a quantum expansion around such a time dependent solution is found to break fundamental symmetries of quantum field…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Pankaj Jain , Subhadip Mitra

In the Newtonian limit of general relativity force acting on a test mass in a central gravitational field is conventionally defined by the attractive Newtonian gravity (inverse square) term plus a small repulsive cosmological force, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-25 Igor I. Smolyaninov

In this article the cosmological constant problems, as well as the astronomical evidence for a cosmologically significant homogeneous exotic energy density with negative pressure (quintessence), are reviewed for a broad audience of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norbert Straumann