Related papers: Quantum advantage by relational queries about phys…
Finding exponential separation between quantum and classical information tasks is like striking gold in quantum information research. Such an advantage is believed to hold for quantum computing but is proven for quantum communication…
The relations between Bell's inequality and quantum probability trees are explained against the background offered by the concept of a quantum probability tree built in others works. It is shown that f we use a concept of probability tree…
Quantum computers can offer dramatic improvements over classical devices for data analysis tasks such as prediction and classification. However, less is known about the advantages that quantum computers may bring in the setting of…
The idea that events obey a definite causal order is deeply rooted in our understanding of the world and at the basis of the very notion of time. But where does causal order come from, and is it a necessary property of nature? We address…
Quantum theory is a mathematical formalism to compute probabilities for outcomes happenning in physical experiments. These outcomes constitute events happening in space-time. One of these events represents the fact that a system located in…
Classically the causal order of two timelike separated events A and B is fixed -- either A before B or B before A. This is no longer true in quantum theory, where it is possible to encounter superpositions of causal orders. The quantum…
There is growing interest in developing rigorous tests of quantumness that are feasible even before practical quantum advantages become a reality. Such tests not only aim to certify the quantum nature of a system but also serve as…
Let $n$ be a positive integer, and let $R$ be a (possibly infinite dimensional) finitely presented algebra over a computable field of characteristic zero. We describe an algorithm for deciding (in principle) whether $R$ has at most finitely…
The question of what is genuinely quantum about weak values is only ever going to elicit strongly subjective opinions---it is not a scientific question. Good questions, when comparing theories, are operational---they deal with the…
The landscape of causal relations that can hold among a set of systems in quantum theory is richer than in classical physics. In particular, a pair of time-ordered systems can be related as cause and effect or as the effects of a common…
Recent frameworks describing quantum mechanics in the absence of a global causal order admit the existence of causally indefinite processes, where it is impossible to ascribe causal order for events A and B. These frameworks even allow for…
The relational interpretation (or RQM, for Relational Quantum Mechanics) solves the measurement problem by considering an ontology of sparse relative events, or "facts". Facts are realized in interactions between any two physical systems…
Higher-order quantum theory deals with causal quantum processes, described by quantum combs, and test procedures, described by quantum testers, "measuring" these processes. In this work, we show that "jointly non-implementable" or…
One advantage of quantum algorithms over classical computation is the possibility to spread out, process, analyse and extract information in multipartite configurations in coherent superpositions of classical states. This will be discussed…
Communication games are one of the widely used tools that are designed to demonstrate quantum supremacy over classical resources. In that, two or more parties collaborate to perform an information processing task to achieve the highest…
In the present article we use the quantum formalism to describe the process of choice under rational ignorance. We consider as a basic task a question or an issue where the only answers are 0 and 1. We show that under rational ignorance the…
We describe the problems of quantum chemistry, the intuition behind classical heuristic methods used to solve them, a conjectured form of the classical complexity of quantum chemistry problems, and the subsequent opportunities for quantum…
We study a quantum version of the sequential game illustrating problems connected with making rational decisions. We compare the results that the two models (quantum and classical) yield. In the quantum model intransitivity gains importance…
We consider a family U of finite universes. The second order quantifier Q_R, means for each u in U quantifying over a set of n(R)-place relations isomorphic to a given relation. We define a natural partial order on such quantifiers called…
One of quantum theory's salient features is its apparent indeterminism, i.e. measurement outcomes are typically probabilistic. We formally define and address whether this uncertainty is unavoidable or whether post-quantum theories can offer…