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In recent years, several unsupervised, "contrastive" learning algorithms in vision have been shown to learn representations that perform remarkably well on transfer tasks. We show that this family of algorithms maximizes a lower bound on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Mike Wu , Chengxu Zhuang , Milan Mosse , Daniel Yamins , Noah Goodman

Current image-text retrieval methods have demonstrated impressive performance in recent years. However, they still face two problems: the inter-modal matching missing problem and the intra-modal semantic loss problem. These problems can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Hailang Huang , Zhijie Nie , Ziqiao Wang , Ziyu Shang

Multimodal retrieval is the task of aggregating information from queries across heterogeneous modalities to retrieve desired targets. State-of-the-art multimodal retrieval models can understand complex queries, yet they are typically…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Chuong Huynh , Manh Luong , Abhinav Shrivastava

Matching images and sentences demands a fine understanding of both modalities. In this paper, we propose a new system to discriminatively embed the image and text to a shared visual-textual space. In this field, most existing works apply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Zhedong Zheng , Liang Zheng , Michael Garrett , Yi Yang , Mingliang Xu , Yi-Dong Shen

Unsupervised learning is a challenging task due to the lack of labels. Multiple Object Tracking (MOT), which inevitably suffers from mutual object interference, occlusion, etc., is even more difficult without label supervision. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Sha Meng , Dian Shao , Jiacheng Guo , Shan Gao

In this paper, we investigate an open research task of cross-modal retrieval between 3D shapes and textual descriptions. Previous approaches mainly rely on point cloud encoders for feature extraction, which may ignore key inherent features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Hao Wu , Ruochong LI , Hao Wang , Hui Xiong

A fundamental challenge in artificial intelligence is learning useful representations of data that yield good performance on a downstream task, without overfitting to spurious input features. Extracting such task-relevant predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Saeid Asgari Taghanaki , Kristy Choi , Amir Khasahmadi , Anirudh Goyal

The burgeoning volume of multi-modal data necessitates advanced retrieval paradigms beyond unimodal and cross-modal approaches. Composed Multi-modal Retrieval (CMR) emerges as a pivotal next-generation technology, enabling users to query…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Kun Zhang , Jingyu Li , Zhe Li , Jingjing Zhang , Fan Li , Yandong Liu , Rui Yan , Zihang Jiang , Nan Chen , Lei Zhang , Yongdong Zhang , Zhendong Mao , S. Kevin Zhou

Music information is often conveyed or recorded across multiple data modalities including but not limited to audio, images, text and scores. However, music information retrieval research has almost exclusively focused on single modality…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Ho-Hsiang Wu , Magdalena Fuentes , Juan P. Bello

Multimodal representation learning, exemplified by multimodal contrastive learning (MMCL) using image-text pairs, aims to learn powerful representations by aligning cues across modalities. This approach relies on the core assumption that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yichao Cai , Yuhang Liu , Erdun Gao , Tianjiao Jiang , Zhen Zhang , Anton van den Hengel , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Multimodal sentiment analysis is a fundamental problem in the field of affective computing. Although significant progress has been made in cross-modal interaction, it remains a challenge due to the insufficient reference context in…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xianbing Zhao , Shengzun Yang , Buzhou Tang , Ronghuan Jiang

This paper addresses the problem of cross-modal musical piece identification and retrieval: finding the appropriate recording(s) from a database given a sheet music query, and vice versa, working directly with audio and scanned sheet music…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-27 Luis Carvalho , Gerhard Widmer

Most existing studies on few-shot learning focus on unimodal settings, where models are trained to generalize to unseen data using a limited amount of labeled examples from a single modality. However, real-world data are inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Zhengwei Yang , Yuke Li , Qiang Sun , Basura Fernando , Heng Huang , Zheng Wang

Feature matching is a cornerstone task in computer vision, essential for applications such as image retrieval, stereo matching, 3D reconstruction, and SLAM. This survey comprehensively reviews modality-based feature matching, exploring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Weide Liu , Wei Zhou , Jun Liu , Ping Hu , Jun Cheng , Jungong Han , Weisi Lin

Many applications of cross-modal music retrieval are related to connecting sheet music images to audio recordings. A typical and recent approach to this is to learn, via deep neural networks, a joint embedding space that correlates short…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Luis Carvalho , Gerhard Widmer

Image retrieval with hybrid-modality queries, also known as composing text and image for image retrieval (CTI-IR), is a retrieval task where the search intention is expressed in a more complex query format, involving both vision and text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Yida Zhao , Yuqing Song , Qin Jin

Few-shot cross-modal retrieval focuses on learning cross-modal representations with limited training samples, enabling the model to handle unseen classes during inference. Unlike traditional cross-modal retrieval tasks, which assume that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Chengsong Sun , Weiping Li , Xiang Li , Yuankun Liu , Lianlei Shan

Unsupervised methods have proven effective for discriminative tasks in a single-modality scenario. In this paper, we present a multimodal framework for learning sparse representations that can capture semantic correlation between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-03 Miriam Cha , Youngjune Gwon , H. T. Kung

Cross-modal data matching refers to retrieval of data from one modality, when given a query from another modality. In general, supervised algorithms achieve better retrieval performance compared to their unsupervised counterpart, as they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Devraj Mandal , Pramod Rao , Soma Biswas

In this paper, we adopt the maximizing mutual information (MI) approach to tackle the problem of unsupervised learning of binary hash codes for efficient cross-modal retrieval. We proposed a novel method, dubbed Cross-Modal Info-Max Hashing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Tuan Hoang , Thanh-Toan Do , Tam V. Nguyen , Ngai-Man Cheung
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