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Ordinary and stochastic differential equations (ODEs and SDEs) are widely used to model continuous-time processes across various scientific fields. While ODEs offer interpretability and simplicity, SDEs incorporate randomness, providing…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-20 Qingchuan Sun , Susanne Ditlevsen

Latent ODE models provide flexible descriptions of dynamic systems, but they can struggle with extrapolation and predicting complicated non-linear dynamics. The latent ODE approach implicitly relies on encoders to identify unknown system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Matt L. Sampson , Peter Melchior

This paper presents an extension of Defeasible Deontic Logic to deal with the Pragmatic Oddity problem. The logic applies three general principles: (1) the Pragmatic Oddity problem must be solved within a general logical treatment of CTD…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Guido Governatori , Silvano Colombo Tosatto , Antonino Rotolo

The utilisation of Deep Learning (DL) is advancing into increasingly more sophisticated applications. While it shows great potential to provide transformational capabilities, DL also raises new challenges regarding its reliability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Xingyu Zhao , Wei Huang , Alec Banks , Victoria Cox , David Flynn , Sven Schewe , Xiaowei Huang

While likelihood is attractive in theory, its estimates by deep generative models (DGMs) are often broken in practice, and perform poorly for out of distribution (OOD) Detection. Various recent works started to consider alternative scores…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Sicong Huang , Jiawei He , Kry Yik Chau Lui

Neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) are an effective approach for data-driven modeling of dynamical systems arising from simulations and experiments. One of the major shortcomings of NODEs, especially when coupled with explicit…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Allen Alvarez Loya , Daniel A. Serino , J. W. Burby , Qi Tang

Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) have recently gained a lot of attention in machine learning. However, the theoretical aspects, e.g., identifiability and asymptotic properties of statistical estimation are still obscure. This paper…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-04 Yuanyuan Wang , Wei Huang , Mingming Gong , Xi Geng , Tongliang Liu , Kun Zhang , Dacheng Tao

In this paper, it is shown that the solutions of general differentiable constrained optimization problems can be viewed as asymptotic solutions to sets of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). The construction of the ODE associated to the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2015-01-19 Mazen Alamir

The present article is devoted to well-posedness by noise for the continuity equation. Namely, we consider the continuity equation with non-linear and partially degenerate stochastic perturbations in divergence form. We prove the existence…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2020-06-19 Benjamin Gess , Scott Smith

The study of existence and uniqueness of solutions became important due to the lack of general formula for solving nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Compact form of existence and uniqueness theory appeared nearly 200 years…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2016-05-19 Swarup Poria , Aman Dhiman

The linearization of complex ordinary differential equations is studied by extending Lie's criteria for linearizability to complex functions of complex variables. It is shown that the linearization of complex ordinary differential equations…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-07-25 S. Ali , F. M. Mahomed , Asghar Qadir

Moment estimation for stochastic differential equations (SDEs) is fundamental to the formal reasoning and verification of stochastic dynamical systems, yet remains challenging and is rarely available in closed form. In this paper, we study…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-04 Shenghua Feng , Jie An , Naijun Zhan , Fanjiang Xu

Learning how complex dynamical systems evolve over time is a key challenge in system identification. For safety critical systems, it is often crucial that the learned model is guaranteed to converge to some equilibrium point. To this end,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Andreas Schlaginhaufen , Philippe Wenk , Andreas Krause , Florian Dörfler

In this paper linear stochastic transport and continuity equations with drift in critical $L^{p}$ spaces are considered. In this situation noise prevents shocks for the transport equation and singularities in the density for the continuity…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-12-17 Lisa Beck , Franco Flandoli , Massimiliano Gubinelli , Mario Maurelli

Numerical simulation of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) can be challenging when the system exhibits high accelerations and rapidly changing dynamics. Under these conditions the ODE solver often needs to take very small time steps in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Andrew Tagg , Andrew Frandsen , Andrew Ning

We demonstrate the large deviation property for the mild solutions of stochastic evolution equations with monotone nonlinearity and multiplica- tive noise. This is achieved using the recently developed weak convergence method, in studying…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-03-17 Hassan Dadashi-Arani , Bijan Z. Zangeneh

Boolean automata networks, genetic regulation networks, and metabolic networks are just a few examples of biological modelling by discrete dynamical systems (DDS). A major issue in modelling is the verification of the model against the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-11-26 Alberto Dennunzio , Enrico Formenti , Luciano Margara , Valentin Montmirail , Sara Riva

Logic-based approaches to AI have the advantage that their behavior can in principle be explained to a user. If, for instance, a Description Logic reasoner derives a consequence that triggers some action of the overall system, then one can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Christian Alrabbaa , Franz Baader , Stefan Borgwardt , Patrick Koopmann , Alisa Kovtunova

Continuous normalizing flows (CNFs) and diffusion models (DMs) generate high-quality data from a noise distribution. However, their sampling process demands multiple iterations to solve an ordinary differential equation (ODE) with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Denis Gudovskiy , Wenzhao Zheng , Tomoyuki Okuno , Yohei Nakata , Kurt Keutzer

Fourth-order accurate compact schemes for variable coefficient convection diffusion equations are considered. A sufficient condition for the stability of the fully discrete problem is derived using a difference equation based approach. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Anindya Goswami , Kuldip Singh Patel , Pradeep Kumar Sahu