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An index for a finite automaton is a powerful data structure that supports locating paths labeled with a query pattern, thus solving pattern matching on the underlying regular language. In this paper, we solve the long-standing problem of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Nicola Cotumaccio , Nicola Prezza

Ordering the collection of states of a given automaton starting from an order of the underlying alphabet is a natural move towards a computational treatment of the language accepted by the automaton. Along this path, Wheeler \emph{graphs}…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Giovanna D'Agostino , Davide Martincigh , Alberto Policriti

We study synchronizing automata with the shortest reset words of relatively large length. First, we refine the Frankl-Pin result on the length of the shortest words of rank $m$, and the B\'eal, Berlinkov, Perrin, and Steinberg results on…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-29 Andrzej Kisielewicz , Marek Szykuła

Given a finite directed graph, a coloring of its edges turns the graph into a finite-state automaton. A k-synchronizing word of a deterministic automaton is a word in the alphabet of colors at its edges that maps the state set of the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-16 A. N. Trahtman

Deterministic Finite Automata (DFAs) are of central importance in automata theory. In view of how state diagrams for DFAs are defined using directed graphs, this leads us to introduce a generalization of DFAs related to a method widely used…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-18 John M. Campbell

We present an efficient algorithm for checking language equivalence of states in top-down deterministic finite tree automata (DFTAs). Unlike string automata, tree automata operate over hierarchical structures, posing unique challenges for…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Zhibo Deng , Vladimir A. Zakharov

This paper studies the complexity of operations on finite automata and the complexity of their decision problems when the alphabet is unary. Let $n$ denote the maximum of the number of states of the input finite automata considered in the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Wojciech Czerwiński , Maciej Dębski , Tomasz Gogasz , Gordon Hoi , Sanjay Jain , Michał Skrzypczak , Frank Stephan , Christopher Tan

This paper situates itself in the theory of variable length codes and of finite automata where the concepts of completeness and synchronization play a central role. In this theoretical setting, we investigate the problem of finding upper…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-26 Arturo Carpi , Flavio D'Alessandro

We consider the first problem that appears in any application of synchronizing automata, namely, the problem of deciding whether or not a given $n$-state $k$-letter automaton is synchronizing. First we generalize results from…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Mikhail V. Berlinkov

The problem DFA-Intersection-Nonemptiness asks if a given number of deterministic automata accept a common word. In general, this problem is PSPACE-complete. Here, we investigate this problem for the subclasses of commutative automata and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Henning Fernau , Stefan Hoffmann , Michael Wehar

Sorting is a fundamental algorithmic pre-processing technique which often allows to represent data more compactly and, at the same time, speeds up search queries on it. In this paper, we focus on the well-studied problem of sorting and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Sung-Hwan Kim , Francisco Olivares , Nicola Prezza

In this paper we address the question of synchronizing random automata in the critical settings of almost-group automata. Group automata are automata where all letters act as permutations on the set of states, and they are not synchronizing…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Mikhail V. Berlinkov , Cyril Nicaud

It has been known since the 60's that any complete discrete $n$-state automaton admits a reset word of length not exceeding $\alpha n^3+o(n^3)$ for some absolute constant $\alpha$. J.-E. Pin and P. Frankl proved this statement with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-23 Yaroslav Shitov

Graph matching, also known as network alignment, refers to finding a bijection between the vertex sets of two given graphs so as to maximally align their edges. This fundamental computational problem arises frequently in multiple fields…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Cheng Mao , Mark Rudelson , Konstantin Tikhomirov

The asynchronous automaton associated with a Boolean network $f:\{0,1\}^n\to\{0,1\}^n$ is considered in many applications. It is the finite deterministic automaton with set of states $\{0,1\}^n$, alphabet $\{1,\dots,n\}$, where the action…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-12 Julio Aracena , Maximilien Gadouleau , Adrien Richard , Lilian Salinas

An automata network (AN) is a finite graph where each node holds a state from a finite alphabet and is equipped with a local map defining the evolution of the state of the node depending on its neighbors. The global dynamics of the network…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-05-19 Martín Ríos Wilson , Guillaume Theyssier

Planar automata seems to be representative of the synchronizing behavior of deterministic finite state automata. We conjecture that \v{C}erny's conjecture holds true, if and only if, it holds true for planar automata. In this paper we have…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-15 J. Andres Montoya , Christian Nolasco

Imagine an assembly line where a box with a lid and liquid in it enters in some unknown orientation. The box should leave the line with the open lid facing upwards with the liquid still in it. To save costs there are no complex sensors or…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Petra Wolf

Wheeler automata were introduced in 2017 as a tool to generalize existing indexing and compression techniques based on the Burrows-Wheeler transform. Intuitively, an automaton is said to be Wheeler if there exists a total order on its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ruben Becker , Davide Cenzato , Sung-Hwan Kim , Bojana Kodric , Riccardo Maso , Nicola Prezza

The model of generalized automata, introduced by Eilenberg in 1974, allows representing a regular language more concisely than conventional automata by allowing edges to be labeled not only with characters, but also strings. Giammarresi and…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Nicola Cotumaccio