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A fundamental tenet of pattern recognition is that overlap between training and testing sets causes an optimistic accuracy estimate. Deep CNNs for face recognition are trained for N-way classification of the identities in the training set.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Haiyu Wu , Sicong Tian , Jacob Gutierrez , Aman Bhatta , Kağan Öztürk , Kevin W. Bowyer

To humans, a robin seems more like a bird than a bird seems like a robin, but does this asymmetry also hold for machine vision? Humans and modern vision models can match each other in accuracy while making systematically different kinds of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Leyla Roksan Caglar , Pedro A. M. Mediano , Baihan Lin

Ethnic bias has proven to negatively affect the performance of face recognition systems, and it remains an open research problem in face anti-spoofing. In order to study the ethnic bias for face anti-spoofing, we introduce the largest up to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Ajian Li , Zichang Tan , Xuan Li , Jun Wan , Sergio Escalera , Guodong Guo , Stan Z. Li

Although deep neural networks offer better face detection results than shallow or handcrafted models, their complex architectures come with higher computational requirements and slower inference speeds than shallow neural networks. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Petru Soviany , Radu Tudor Ionescu

Racial bias is an important issue in biometric, but has not been thoroughly studied in deep face recognition. In this paper, we first contribute a dedicated dataset called Racial Faces in-the-Wild (RFW) database, on which we firmly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Mei Wang , Weihong Deng , Jiani Hu , Xunqiang Tao , Yaohai Huang

The proliferation of automated face recognition in the commercial and government sectors has caused significant privacy concerns for individuals. One approach to address these privacy concerns is to employ evasion attacks against the metric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-19 Harrison Rosenberg , Brian Tang , Kassem Fawaz , Somesh Jha

Automated Face Recognition Systems (FRSs), developed using deep learning models, are deployed worldwide for identity verification and facial attribute analysis. The performance of these models is determined by a complex interdependence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Siddharth D Jaiswal , Sagnik Basu , Sandipan Sikdar , Animesh Mukherjee

Face recognition systems (FRS) exhibit significant accuracy differences based on the user's gender. Since such a gender gap reduces the trustworthiness of FRS, more recent efforts have tried to find the causes. However, these studies make…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Paul Jonas Kurz , Haiyu Wu , Kevin W. Bowyer , Philipp Terhörst

Biometrics systems have significantly improved person identification and authentication, playing an important role in personal, national, and global security. However, these systems might be deceived (or "spoofed") and, despite the recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-17 David Menotti , Giovani Chiachia , Allan Pinto , William Robson Schwartz , Helio Pedrini , Alexandre Xavier Falcao , Anderson Rocha

Facial recognition technology (FRT) is increasingly used in criminal investigations, yet most evaluations of its accuracy rely on high-quality images, unlike those often encountered by law enforcement. This study examines how five common…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Maria Cuellar , Hon Kiu , To , Arush Mehrotra

Iris recognition is widely used in high-security scenarios due to its stability and distinctiveness. However, iris images captured by different devices exhibit certain and device-related consistent differences, which has a greater impact on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Hang Zou , Chenxi Du , Ajian Liu , Yuan Zhang , Jing Liu , Mingchuan Yang , Jun Wan , Hui Zhang , Zhenan Sun

The issue of demographic disparities in face recognition accuracy has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Various face image datasets have been proposed as 'fair' or 'balanced' to assess the accuracy of face recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Haiyu Wu , Kevin W. Bowyer

In this paper, we present an empirical study on image recognition fairness, i.e., extreme class accuracy disparity on balanced data like ImageNet. We experimentally demonstrate that classes are not equal and the fairness issue is prevalent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Jiequan Cui , Beier Zhu , Xin Wen , Xiaojuan Qi , Bei Yu , Hanwang Zhang

Fair face recognition is all about learning invariant feature that generalizes to unseen faces in any demographic group. Unfortunately, face datasets inevitably capture the imbalanced demographic attributes that are ubiquitous in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Jiali Ma , Zhongqi Yue , Kagaya Tomoyuki , Suzuki Tomoki , Karlekar Jayashree , Sugiri Pranata , Hanwang Zhang

Facial recognition systems are increasingly deployed in law enforcement and security contexts, where algorithmic decisions can carry significant societal consequences. Despite high reported accuracy, growing evidence demonstrates that such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Khalid Adnan Alsayed

In set-based face recognition, we aim to compute the most discriminative descriptor from an unbounded set of images and videos showing a single person. A discriminative descriptor balances two policies when aggregating information from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Gil Shapira , Yosi Keller

Despite the fact that DeepFake forgery detection algorithms have achieved impressive performance on known manipulations, they often face disastrous performance degradation when generalized to an unseen manipulation. Some recent works show…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Chuer Yu , Xuhong Zhang , Yuxuan Duan , Senbo Yan , Zonghui Wang , Yang Xiang , Shouling Ji , Wenzhi Chen

Image captioning is an important task for benchmarking visual reasoning and for enabling accessibility for people with vision impairments. However, as in many machine learning settings, social biases can influence image captioning in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Dora Zhao , Angelina Wang , Olga Russakovsky

This paper proposes a new approach for face verification, where a pair of images needs to be classified as belonging to the same person or not. This problem is relatively new and not well-explored in the literature. Current methods mostly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-10-01 Dong Zhang , Omar Oreifej , Mubarak Shah

Biometric presentation attack detection is gaining increasing attention. Users of mobile devices find it more convenient to unlock their smart applications with finger, face or iris recognition instead of passwords. In this paper, we survey…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Yomna Safaa El-Din , Mohamed N. Moustafa , Hani Mahdi