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Masked diffusion language models (MDLMs) have recently emerged as a new paradigm in language modeling, offering flexible generation dynamics and enabling efficient parallel decoding. However, existing decoding strategies for pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xueyu Zhou , Yangrong Hu , Jian Huang

Dependently typed programming languages allow sophisticated properties of data to be expressed within the type system. Of particular use in dependently typed programming are indexed types that refine data by computationally useful…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Robert Atkey , Patricia Johann , Neil Ghani

Formal deductive systems are very common in computer science. They are used to represent logics, programming languages, and security systems. Moreover, writing programs that manipulate them and that reason about them is important and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2018-05-21 Francisco Ferreira Ruiz

Large-scale pre-trained language models have contributed significantly to natural language processing by demonstrating remarkable abilities as few-shot learners. However, their effectiveness depends mainly on scaling the model parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Ningyu Zhang , Luoqiu Li , Xiang Chen , Shumin Deng , Zhen Bi , Chuanqi Tan , Fei Huang , Huajun Chen

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning is useful for monitoring language models only when the reasoning trace faithfully reflects the computation that produces the final answer. However, models can rely on prompt-to-answer shortcuts that bypass…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinghan Jia , Joe Benton , Eric Easley

Capitalizing on previous encodings and formal developments about nominal calculi and type systems, we propose a weak Higher-Order Abstract Syntax formalization of the type language of pure System F<: within Coq, a proof assistant based on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-04-01 Alberto Ciaffaglione , Ivan Scagnetto

In a recent paper, Herbelin developed a calculus dPA$^\omega$ in which constructive proofs for the axioms of countable and dependent choices could be derived via the encoding of a proof of countable universal quantification as a stream of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Étienne Miquey

Graph-based data models allow for flexible data representation. In particular, semantic data based on RDF and OWL fuels use cases ranging from general knowledge graphs to domain specific knowledge in various technological or scientific…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Philipp Seifer , Martin Leinberger , Ralf Lämmel , Steffen Staab

The theory of program modules is of interest to language designers not only for its practical importance to programming, but also because it lies at the nexus of three fundamental concerns in language design: the phase distinction,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Jonathan Sterling , Robert Harper

Multi-Object Tracking (MOT) aims to associate multiple objects across video frames and is a challenging vision task due to inherent complexities in the tracking environment. Most existing approaches train and track within a single domain,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Run Luo , Zikai Song , Longze Chen , Yunshui Li , Min Yang , Wei Yang

This paper presents a simple decidable logic of functional dependence LFD, based on an extension of classical propositional logic with dependence atoms plus dependence quantifiers treated as modalities, within the setting of generalized…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Alexandru Baltag , Johan van Benthem

Clocked Type Theory (CloTT) is a type theory for guarded recursion useful for programming with coinductive types, allowing productivity to be encoded in types, and for reasoning about advanced programming language features using an abstract…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Bassel Mannaa , Rasmus Ejlers Møgelberg , Niccolò Veltri

Developing efficient and maintainable software systems is both hard and time consuming. In particular, non-functional performance requirements involve many design and implementation decisions that can be difficult to take early during…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Linnea Stjerna , David Broman

In this thesis (modal) dependence logic is investigated. It was introduced in 2007 by Jouko V\"a\"aan\"anen as an extension of first-order (resp. modal) logic by the dependence operator =(). For first-order (resp. propositional) variables…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-06-21 Peter Lohmann

Chain of Thought (CoT) prompting can encourage language models to engage in multi-step logical reasoning. The quality of the provided demonstrations significantly influences the success of downstream inference tasks. Current unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yufeng Zhang , Xuepeng Wang , Lingxiang Wu , Jinqiao Wang

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has significantly advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) in solving complex tasks. However, its autoregressive paradigm leads to significant computational overhead, hindering its deployment in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Nan Jiang , Ziming Wu , De-Chuan Zhan , Fuming Lai , Shaobing Lian

Explaining artificial intelligence or machine learning models is increasingly important. To use such data-driven systems wisely we must understand how they interact with the world, including how they depend causally on data inputs. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Joshua R. Loftus , Lucius E. J. Bynum , Sakina Hansen

Proteins inherently possess a consistent sequence-structure duality. The abundance of protein sequence data, which can be readily represented as discrete tokens, has driven fruitful developments in protein language models (pLMs). A key…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yi Zhou , Haohao Qu , Yunqing Liu , Shanru Lin , Le Song , Wenqi Fan

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance on mathematical problems when prompted with Chain-of-Thought (CoT), yet it remains unclear whether this success stems from search, rote procedures, or rule-consistent reasoning. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuanhe Zhang , Ilja Kuzborskij , Jason D. Lee , Chenlei Leng , Fanghui Liu

We describe a Martin-L\"of style dependent type theory, called Cocon, that allows us to mix the intensional function space that is used to represent higher-order abstract syntax (HOAS) trees with the extensional function space that…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-01-14 Brigitte Pientka , Andreas Abel , Francisco Ferreira , David Thibodeau , Rebecca Zucchini