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Bootstrapping is behind much of the successes of Deep Reinforcement Learning. However, learning the value function via bootstrapping often leads to unstable training due to fast-changing target values. Target Networks are employed to…

This paper is concerned with the problem of representing and learning a linear transformation using a linear neural network. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the study of such networks in part due to the successes of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-28 Amirhossein Taghvaei , Jin W. Kim , Prashant G. Mehta

Loss of plasticity, trainability loss, and primacy bias have been identified as issues arising when training deep neural networks on sequences of tasks -- all referring to the increased difficulty in training on new tasks. We propose to use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Wesley Chung , Lynn Cherif , David Meger , Doina Precup

Regularization is a fundamental technique to prevent over-fitting and to improve generalization performances by constraining a model's complexity. Current Deep Networks heavily rely on regularizers such as Data-Augmentation (DA) or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Randall Balestriero , Leon Bottou , Yann LeCun

Batch Normalization is a commonly used trick to improve the training of deep neural networks. These neural networks use L2 regularization, also called weight decay, ostensibly to prevent overfitting. However, we show that L2 regularization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-19 Twan van Laarhoven

Deep neural networks have been shown to be highly miscalibrated. often they tend to be overconfident in their predictions. It poses a significant challenge for safety-critical systems to utilise deep neural networks (DNNs), reliably. Many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Aditya Singh , Alessandro Bay , Biswa Sengupta , Andrea Mirabile

Learning monotonic models with respect to a subset of the inputs is a desirable feature to effectively address the fairness, interpretability, and generalization issues in practice. Existing methods for learning monotonic neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Xingchao Liu , Xing Han , Na Zhang , Qiang Liu

In this paper we address the issue of output instability of deep neural networks: small perturbations in the visual input can significantly distort the feature embeddings and output of a neural network. Such instability affects many deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-18 Stephan Zheng , Yang Song , Thomas Leung , Ian Goodfellow

Bootstrapping is behind much of the successes of deep Reinforcement Learning. However, learning the value function via bootstrapping often leads to unstable training due to fast-changing target values. Target Networks are employed to…

Consistency regularization is a commonly-used technique for semi-supervised and self-supervised learning. It is an auxiliary objective function that encourages the prediction of the network to be similar in the vicinity of the observed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Erik Englesson , Hossein Azizpour

Although overparameterized models have achieved remarkable practical success, their theoretical properties, particularly their generalization behavior, remain incompletely understood. The well known double descents phenomenon suggests that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-06 Haoran Zhan , Yingcun Xia

Deep neural networks are state-of-the-art in a wide variety of tasks, however, they exhibit important limitations which hinder their use and deployment in real-world applications. When developing and training neural networks, the accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Alexandre Araujo

Overparameterized models may have many interpolating solutions; implicit regularization refers to the hidden preference of a particular optimization method towards a certain interpolating solution among the many. A by now established line…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Hung-Hsu Chou , Holger Rauhut , Rachel Ward

Deep learning has been wildly successful in practice and most state-of-the-art machine learning methods are based on neural networks. Lacking, however, is a rigorous mathematical theory that adequately explains the amazing performance of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-03 Rahul Parhi , Robert D. Nowak

For a given stable recurrent neural network (RNN) that is trained to perform a classification task using sequential inputs, we quantify explicit robustness bounds as a function of trainable weight matrices. The sequential inputs can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Guangyi Liu , Arash Amini , Martin Takac , Nader Motee

Even though probabilistic treatments of neural networks have a long history, they have not found widespread use in practice. Sampling approaches are often too slow already for simple networks. The size of the inputs and the depth of typical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-30 Jochen Gast , Stefan Roth

Training state-of-the-art, deep neural networks is computationally expensive. One way to reduce the training time is to normalize the activities of the neurons. A recently introduced technique called batch normalization uses the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-22 Jimmy Lei Ba , Jamie Ryan Kiros , Geoffrey E. Hinton

Deep residual networks (ResNets) have demonstrated outstanding success in computer vision tasks, attributed to their ability to maintain gradient flow through deep architectures. Simultaneously, controlling the Lipschitz constant in neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Marius F. R. Juston , Ramavarapu S. Sreenivas , Dustin Nottage , Ahmet Soylemezoglu

The monotonic dependence of the outputs of a neural network on some of its inputs is a crucial inductive bias in many scenarios where domain knowledge dictates such behavior. This is especially important for interpretability and fairness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Ouail Kitouni , Niklas Nolte , Michael Williams

The generalization performance of deep neural networks with regard to the optimization algorithm is one of the major concerns in machine learning. This performance can be affected by various factors. In this paper, we theoretically prove…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Mohammad Lashkari , Amin Gheibi