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A common approach to approximating quadratic forms of matrix functions is to use a quadrature rule derived from the Lanczos process, known as a Lanczos quadrature. Although symmetric quadrature rules are computationally favorable, it has…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Wenhao Li , Shengxin Zhu

We describe preconditioned iterative methods for estimating the number of eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix within a given interval. Such estimation is useful in a number of applications.In particular, it can be used to develop an efficient…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-09 Eugene Vecharynski , Chao Yang

Approximating the action of a matrix function $f(\mathbf{A})$ on a vector $\mathbf{b}$ is an increasingly important primitive in machine learning, data science, and statistics, with applications such as sampling high dimensional Gaussians,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-07 Noah Amsel , Tyler Chen , Anne Greenbaum , Cameron Musco , Chris Musco

The Lanczos method with implicit restarting is one of the most popular methods for finding a few exterior eigenpairs of a large symmetric matrix $A$. Usually based on polynomial filtering, restarting is crucial to limit memory and the cost…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Angelo A. Casulli , Daniel Kressner , Nian Shao

This work considers large-scale Lyapunov matrix equations of the form $AX + XA = \boldsymbol{c}\boldsymbol{c}^T$, where $A$ is a symmetric positive definite matrix and $\boldsymbol{c}$ is a vector. Motivated by the need to solve such…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-29 Angelo A. Casulli , Francesco Hrobat , Daniel Kressner

Objectives involving bilinear forms $u^\top f(A(\theta))v$ for Hermitian $A$ arise widely in scientific computing and probabilistic machine learning. For large matrices, Lanczos efficiently approximates these quantities, but differentiating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Navjot Singh , Kipton Barros , Xiaoye Sherry Li

In this paper we propose and analyze an algorithm for identifying spectral gaps of a real symmetric matrix $A$ by simultaneously approximating the traces of spectral projectors associated with multiple different spectral slices. Our method…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Michele Benzi , Michele Rinelli , Igor Simunec

Jacobian and Hessian regularization aim to reduce the magnitude of the first and second-order partial derivatives with respect to neural network inputs, and they are predominantly used to ensure the adversarial robustness of image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Chenwei Cui , Zehao Yan , Guangshen Liu , Liangfu Lu

The Lanczos process constructs a sequence of orthonormal vectors v_m spanning a nested sequence of Krylov subspaces generated by a hermitian matrix A and some starting vector b. In this paper we show how to cheaply recover a secondary…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-04-22 A. Frommer , K. Kahl , Th. Lippert , H. Rittich

A deflated and restarted Lanczos algorithm to solve hermitian linear systems, and at the same time compute eigenvalues and eigenvectors for application to multiple right-hand sides, is described. For the first right-hand side, eigenvectors…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2010-01-21 Abdou M. Abdel-Rehim , Ronald B. Morgan , Dywayne Nicely , Walter Wilcox

We establish a direct correspondence between the Lanczos approach and the orthogonal polynomials approach in random matrix theory. In the large-$N$ and continuum limits, the average Lanczos coefficients and the recursion coefficients become…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-25 Le-Chen Qu

Computing the null space of a large sparse matrix $A$ is a challenging computational problem, especially if the nullity -- the dimension of the null space -- is not small. When applying a block Lanczos method to $A^\mathsf{T} A$ for this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Daniel Kressner , Nian Shao

Lanczos-based methods have become standard tools for tasks involving matrix functions. Progress on these algorithms has been driven by several largely disjoint communities, resulting many innovative and important advancements which would…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-16 Tyler Chen

This paper revisits the error analysis of the Stochastic Lanczos Quadrature (SLQ) method for approximating the trace of matrix functions, with a specific focus on asymmetric Lanczos quadrature rules. We reexplain an existing theoretical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Wenhao Li , Yixuan Huang , Shengxin Zhu

Good approximate eigenstates of a Hamiltionian operator which poesses a point as well as a continuous spectrum have beeen obtained using the Lanczos algorithm. Iterating with the bare Hamiltonian operator yields spurious solutions which can…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-07-09 J. A. Secrest , J. M. Conroy , H. G. Miller

For a large Hermitian matrix $A\in \mathbb{C}^{N\times N}$, it is often the case that the only affordable operation is matrix-vector multiplication. In such case, randomized method is a powerful way to estimate the spectral density (or…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-11-24 Lin Lin

We consider the approximation of $B^T (A+sI)^{-1} B$ for large s.p.d. $A\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$ with dense spectrum and $B\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times p}$, $p\ll n$. We target the computations of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transfer…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Vladimir Druskin , Jörn Zimmerling

We develop a block minimum residual (MINRES) algorithm for symmetric indefinite matrices. This version is built upon the band Lanczos method that generates one basis vector of the block Krylov subspace per iteration rather than a whole…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-10-01 Kirk M. Soodhalter

We present a method to approximate functionals $\text{Tr} \, f(A)$ of very high-dimensional hermitian matrices $A$ represented as Matrix Product Operators (MPOs). Our method is based on a reformulation of a block Lanczos algorithm in tensor…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Moritz August , Mari Carmen Bañuls , Thomas Huckle

In this work we generalize the concept of modular spread complexity to the cases where the reduced density matrix is non-Hermitian. This notion of complexity and associated Lanczos coefficients contain richer information than the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-10-08 Aneek Jana , Maitri Ganguli